Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Experimental investigation of nano-TiO2/turbine meter oil nanofluid

Thermophysical and tribological properties

  • Published:
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Today, nanoparticles are used as additives because of their unique properties. The aim of the present research is to investigate the effect of the addition of TiO2 nanoparticles to pure oil on properties such as viscosity, viscosity index, flash point, density, friction coefficient and frictional force in the pin-on-disk system. For this purpose, the nanofluids were synthesized using turbine meter oil as a base oil and TiO2 additive with 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 1 mass% and oleic acid surfactants, followed by testing the mentioned properties. The results show that the kinematic viscosity of the oil is increased with increasing nanoparticles and reducing the temperature. Viscosity index and flash point temperature in 0.4 mass% were increased by 6.65% and 1.77%, respectively. The pour point temperature in 0.05–0.2 mass% was increased by 3%. A pin-on-disk system was used to measure the friction coefficient and the frictional force between the pin and disk in the presence of pure oil and nanofluids after 2 h of abrasion. The results showed that friction coefficient and frictional force were, respectively, decreased by 37.1% and 37.1% by adding 0.1 mass% of TiO2. The depth of the abrasive pins for 4 h was measured by the SEM analysis. The addition of TiO2 nanoparticles showed the lowest abrasion and the most improvement were related to 0.1 mass% TiO2 nanoparticles with a wear depth of 38.46 μm. Compared with turbine meter oil, it shows a 71.43% improvement.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Yu W, Xie H. A review on nanofluids: preparation, stability mechanisms, and applications. J Nanomater. 2012;2012:1–17. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/435873.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Wu YY, Tsui WC, Liu TC. Experimental analysis of tribological properties of lubricating oils with nanoparticle additives. Wear. 2007;262(7–8):819–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2006.08.021Get.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Kao MJ, Lin CR. Evaluating the role of spherical titanium oxide nanoparticles in reducing friction between two pieces of cast iron. J Alloy Compd. 2009;483(1–2):456–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2008.07.223.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Hu KH, Hu XG, Xu YF, Huang F, Liu JS. The effect of morphology on the tribological properties of MoS2 in liquid paraffin. Tribol Lett. 2010;40(1):155–65. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-010-9651-z.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Hwang Y, Lee C, Choi Y, Cheong S, Kim D, Lee K, Lee J, Kim SH. Effect of the size and morphology of particles dispersed in nano-oil on friction performance between rotating discs. J Mech Sci Technol. 2011;25(11):2853–7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-011-0724-1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Sabareesh RK, Gobinath N, Sajith V, Das S, Sobhan CB. Application of TiO2 nanoparticles as a lubricant-additive for vapor compression refrigeration systems–An experimental investigation. Int J Refrig. 2012;35(7):1989–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2012.07.002.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Ettefaghi E, Ahmadi H, Rashidi A, Mohtasebi SS, Soltani R. Effects of nano-particles on properties of engine oil and its functionality rate on wear reduction. J Engine Res. 2012; 24: 3–12. http://engineresearch.ir/article-1-261-en.html.

  8. Ingole S, Charanpahari A, Kakade A, Umare SS, Bhatt DV, Menghani J. Tribological behavior of nano TiO2 as an additive in base oil. Wear. 2013;301(1–2):776–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2013.01.037.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Beheshti A, Shanbedi M, Heris SZ. Heat transfer and rheological properties of transformer oil-oxidized MWCNT nanofluid. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2014;118(3):1451–60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-014-4048-0.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Ali MK, Xianjun H. Improving the tribological behavior of internal combustion engines via the addition of nanoparticles to engine oils. Nanotechnol Rev. 2015;4(4):347–58. https://doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2015-0031.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Zhelezny VP, Lukianov NN, Khliyeva OY, Nikulina AS, Melnyk AV. A complex investigation of the nanofluids R600a-mineral oil-AL2O3 and R600a-mineral oil-TiO2.Thermophysical properties. Int J Refrig. 2017;74:488–504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2016.11.008.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Salimi-Yasar H, Heris SZ, Shanbedi M. Influence of soluble oil-based TiO2 nanofluid on heat transfer performance of cutting fluid. Tribol Int. 2017;112:147–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2017.04.004.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Esfe MH. On the evaluation of the dynamic viscosity of non-Newtonian oil based nanofluids. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2017. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-017-6903-2.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Shababi K, Firouzi M, Fakhar A. An experimental study on rheological behavior of SAE50 engine oil. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2018;131(3):2311–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-017-6693-6.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Naddaf A, Heris SZ. Density and rheological properties of different nanofluids based on diesel oil at different mass concentrations. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-018-7456-8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Goodarzi M, Toghraie D, Reiszadeh M, Afrand M. Experimental evaluation of dynamic viscosity of ZnO–MWCNTs/engine oil hybrid nanolubricant based on changes in temperature and concentration. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-018-7707-8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Qiu L, Guo P, Zou H, Feng Y, Zhang X, Pervaiz S, Wen D. Extremely low thermal conductivity of graphene nanoplatelets using nanoparticle decoration. ES Energy Environ. 2018. https://doi.org/10.30919/esee8c139.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Qiu L, Zou H, Zhu N, Feng Y, Zhang X, Zhang X. Iodine nanoparticle-enhancing electrical and thermal transport for carbon nanotube fibers. Appl Therm Eng. 2018;141:913–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.06.049.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Qiu L, Zou H, Wang X, Feng Y, Zhang X, Zhao J, Zhang X, Li Q. Enhancing the interfacial interaction of carbon nanotubes fibers by Au nanoparticles with improved performance of the electrical and thermal conductivity. Carbon. 2019;141:497–505. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2018.09.073.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Xu Y, Geng J, Peng Y, Liu Z, Yu J, Hu X. Lubricating mechanism of Fe3O4@ MoS2 core-shell nanocomposites as oil additives for steel/steel contact. Tribol Int. 2018;121:241–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2018.01.051.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Kole M, Dey TK. Effect of aggregation on the viscosity of copper oxide–gear oil nanofluids. Int J Therm Sci. 2011;50(9):1741–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2011.03.027.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Sango A, La Rocca A, Shayler P. Investigating the effect of carbon nanoparticles on the viscosity of lubricant oil from light duty automotive diesel engines. SAE Tech Pap. 2014;01:1480–4. https://doi.org/10.4271/2014-01-1481.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Kotia A, Ghosh SK. Experimental analysis for rheological properties of aluminium oxide (Al2O3)/gear oil (SAE EP-90) nanolubricant used in HEMM. Ind Lubr Tribol. 2015;67(6):600–5. https://doi.org/10.1108/ILT-03-2015-0029.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Yang M, Zhu X, Ren G, Men X, Guo F, Li P, Zhang Z. Tribological behaviors of polyurethane composite coatings filled with ionic liquid core/silica gel shell microcapsules. Tribol Lett. 2015;58(1):1–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-015-0492-7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Dubey MK, Bijwe J, Ramakumar SS. Nano-PTFE: new entrant as a very promising EP additive. Tribol Int. 2015;87:121–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2015.01.026.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Fedele L, Colla L, Minetto S, Scattolini M, Bellomare F, Bobbo S, Zin V. Nanofluids characterization and application as nanolubricants in heat pump systems. Sci Technol Built Environ. 2015;21(5):621–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Ghasemi R, Fazlali A, Mohammadi AH. Effects of TiO2 nanoparticles and oleic acid surfactant on the rheological behavior of engine lubricant oil. J Mol Liq. 2018;268:925–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2018.07.002.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Mahian O, Kolsi L, Amani M, Estellé P, Ahmadi G, Kleinstreuer C, Marshall JS, Siavashi M, Taylor RA, Niazmand H, Wongwises S. Recent advances in modeling and simulation of nanofluid flows-part I: fundamental and theory. Phys Rep. 2019;790:1–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2018.11.004.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Mahian O, Kolsi L, Amani M, Estellé P, Ahmadi G, Kleinstreuer C, Marshall JS, Taylor RA, Abu-Nada E, Rashidi S, Niazmand H. Recent advances in modeling and simulation of nanofluid flows-part II: applications. Phys Rep. 2019;791:1–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2018.11.003.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Mahian O, Kianifar A, Heris SZ, Wongwises S. Natural convection of silica nanofluids in square and triangular enclosures: theoretical and experimental study. Int J Heat Mass Transf. 2016;99:792–804. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2016.03.045.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Mahian O, Kianifar A, Sahin AZ, Wongwises S. Performance analysis of a minichannel-based solar collector using different nanofluids. Energy Convers Manag. 2014;88:129–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2014.08.021.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Brinkman HC. The viscosity of concentrated suspensions and solutions. J Chem Phys. 1952;20(4):571. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1700493.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Sharma KV, Sarma PK, Azmi WH, Mamat R, Kadirgama K. Correlations to predict friction and forced convection heat transfer coefficients of water based nanofluids for turbulent flow in a tube. Int J Microscale Nanoscale Therm Fluid Transp Phenom. 2012;3(4):1–25.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Corcione M. Empirical correlating equations for predicting the effective thermal conductivity and dynamic viscosity of nanofluids. Energy Convers Manag. 2011;52(1):789–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2010.06.072.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Lee K, Hwang Y, Cheong S, Choi Y, Kwon L, Lee J, Kim SH. Understanding the role of nanoparticles in nano-oil lubrication. Tribol Lett. 2009;35(2):127–31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-009-9441-7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank East Azarbaijan Province Gas Company for financial supports.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

    Hadi Pourpasha & Saeed Zeinali Heris

  2. East Azarbaijan Province Gas Company, Tabriz, Iran

    Alireza Asadi

Authors
  1. Hadi Pourpasha
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Saeed Zeinali Heris
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Alireza Asadi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Saeed Zeinali Heris.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Pourpasha, H., Zeinali Heris, S. & Asadi, A. Experimental investigation of nano-TiO2/turbine meter oil nanofluid. J Therm Anal Calorim 138, 57–67 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08155-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08155-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation