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Lead ion adsorption from aqueous solutions in modified Algerian montmorillonites

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Abstract

The adsorption of lead (II) ions on three Algerian montmorillonites (sodium, non-sodium, and acidic-activated) was studied. Transmission electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray fluorescence and physical adsorption of gases were used to characterize the clays. This characterization has shown than the activation with acid increases the surface area as a consequence of the rupture of the laminar structure. The effect of the pH in the lead adsorption capacity was analyzed. The results show that adsorption is strongly depended on the pH. At low pH values, the mechanism that governs the adsorption behavior of clays is the competition of the metal ions with protons. Between pH 2 and 6, the main mechanism is an ion exchange process. The kinetics of the adsorption is tested with respect to pseudo-first-order and second-order models. The adsorption process, gives a better fit with the Langmuir isotherm, being the monolayer capacity ranging between 18.2 and 24.4 mg g−1. The adsorption of lead decreased in the order Acidic-M2 > M2 > M1. Thermodynamic parameters such as ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG were calculated. The adsorption process was found to be endothermic and spontaneous. The enthalpy change for Pb(II) by M1 adsorption has been estimated as 60 kJ mol−1, indicating that the adsorption of Pb(II) by all montmorillonites used corresponds to a physical reaction. The adsorption capacity of washed Acidic-M2 was very high compared to M2 and M1.

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Acknowledgements

This study has been financed by the AECID (projects AECID-PCI A/019533/08 and A/023858/09) and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (project MAT2010-15273). The National Agency for the Development of University Research (CRSTRA), the Directorate General of Scientific Research and Technological Development (DGRSDT) of Algeria.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Macromoléculaire et des Matériaux, Université de Mascara, Bp 763, 29000, Mascara, Algeria

    A. Zehhaf & A. Benyoucef

  2. Departamento de Química Física e Instituto Universitario de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, Apartado 99, 03080, Alicante, Spain

    R. Berenguer & E. Morallon

  3. Departamento de Ingeniería Textil Y Papelera, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Pza Ferrandiz i Carbonel, 03801, Alcoy (Alicante), Spain

    C. Quijada

  4. Departement de Chimie, Université de Sidi Belabas, 22000, Sidi Belabas, Algeria

    S. Taleb

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  1. A. Zehhaf
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Correspondence to A. Benyoucef.

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Zehhaf, A., Benyoucef, A., Berenguer, R. et al. Lead ion adsorption from aqueous solutions in modified Algerian montmorillonites. J Therm Anal Calorim 110, 1069–1077 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-011-2021-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-011-2021-8

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