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Characterization and magnetic properties of BaSn1−x Fe x O3 nanoparticles prepared by a modified sol–gel method

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Abstract

BaSn1−x Fe x O3 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.075 and 0.1) nanoparticles were prepared by a modified sol–gel method. Phase, morphology and oxidation state of samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy. XRD results show the main reflections of the perovskite-type cubic structure for all powders calcined at 1050 °C for 3 h in air. X-ray absorption measurements indicate the substitution of Fe3+ ions on the Sn site of the BaSnO3 host. The field dependence of magnetization M–H curve measured at room temperature exhibits diamagnetic behavior for undoped sample, whereas Fe-doped samples show the clear M–H loops with saturation magnetization and coercive field in the order of 0.34–1.25 emu/g and 260 Oe, respectively. Ferromagnetic (FM) ordering is interpreted in terms of overlapping of polarons mediated through oxygen vacancy defects based on the bound magnetic polaron (BMP) model. Observed FM data are fitted well with the BMP model involving localized carriers and magnetic cations.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the Synchrotron Light Research Institute (BL5.2) (Public Organization), Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand, for XANES measurement. This work was financially supported by Rajamangala University of Technology Rattanakosin Wang Klai Kangwon Campus, Thailand (Grant A38/2558) and the Integrated Nanotechnology Research Center (INRC), Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Integrated Nanotechnology Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand

    Ekaphan Swatsitang

  2. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand

    Attaphol Karaphun

  3. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Rajabhat Udon Thani University, Udon Thani, 41000, Thailand

    Sumalin Phokha

  4. Rajamangala University of Technology Rattanakosin, Wang Klai Kangwon Campus, Prachuap Khiri Khan, 77110, Thailand

    Thanin Putjuso

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  1. Ekaphan Swatsitang
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  2. Attaphol Karaphun
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  4. Thanin Putjuso
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Correspondence to Thanin Putjuso.

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Swatsitang, E., Karaphun, A., Phokha, S. et al. Characterization and magnetic properties of BaSn1−x Fe x O3 nanoparticles prepared by a modified sol–gel method. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 77, 78–84 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-015-3831-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-015-3831-0

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