Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Synthesis of silica xerogels with highly distinct morphologies in the presence of imidazolium ionic liquids

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This article describes the preparation of silica xerogels by the sol–gel technique, using tetraethoxysilane as precursor and hydrofluoric acid as catalyst, in the presence of imidazolium ionic liquids (ILs). The applied ILs 1–3 contained the 1-monoethylene glycol monomethyl ether-3-methylimidazolium cation in combination with the methanesulfonate (1), tetrafluoroborate (2) and hexafluorophosphate (3) anions, respectively. Characterization of these materials was performed by photography, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. The IL anion was identified as a powerful morphology controller. The methanesulfonate anion of IL 1 induced the formation of a compact lamellar monolith with an interlamellar distance of 1.5 nm and a flat surface. A free flowing powder of aggregated spherical particles was obtained in the presence of tetrafluoroborate IL 2, and the hexafluorophosphate anion of IL 3 induced the formation of porcelain like aggregates with honeycomb shapes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Scheme 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Wasserscheid P, Welton T (2002) Ionic liquids in synthesis. VCH-Wiley, Weinheim

    Google Scholar 

  2. Dupont J, de Souza RF, Suarez PAZ (2002) Chem Rev 102:3667

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Abraham MH, Zissimos AM, Huddleston JG, Willauer HD, Rogers RD, Acree WE Jr (2003) Ind Eng Chem Res 42:413

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Pârvulescu VI, Hardacre C (2007) Chem Rev 107:2615

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Migowski P, Dupont J (2007) Chem Eur J 13:32

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Ott LS, Finke RG (2007) Coord Chem Rev 251:1075

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Yang Z, Pan W (2005) Enzyme Microb Technol 37:19

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. de Souza RF, Padilha JC, Gonçalves RS, de Souza MO, Rault-Berthelot J (2007) J Power Sources 164:792

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Dupont J, Suarez PAZ (2006) Phys Chem Chem Phys 8:2441

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Consorti CS, Suarez PAZ, de Souza RF, Burrow RA, Farrar DH, Lough AJ, Loh W, da Silva LHM, Dupont J (2005) J Phys Chem B 109:4341

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Dupont J (2004) J Brazil Chem Soc 15:341

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Antonietti M, Kuang DB, Smarsly B, Yong Z (2004) Angew Chem Int Edit 43:4988

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Zhou Y, Schattka JH, Antonietti M (2004) Nano Lett 4:477

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Taubert A (2005) Acta Chim Slov 52:183

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Wang T, Kaper H, Antonietti M, Smarsly B (2007) Langmuir 23:1489

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Karout A, Pierre AC (2007) J. Non-Cryst Sol 353:2900

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Schrekker HS, Silva DO, Gelesky MA, Stracke MP, Schrekker CML, Gonçalves RS, Dupont J (2008) J Brazil Chem Soc 19:426

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Donato RK, Migliorini MV, Benvegnú MA, Dupont J, Gonçalves RS, Schrekker HS (2007) J Solid State Electrochem 11:1481

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Migliorini MV, Donato RK, Benvegnú MA, Dupont J, Gonçalves RS, Schrekker HS (2008) Catal Commun 9:971

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Schrekker HS, Stracke MP, Schrekker CML, Dupont J (2007) Ind Eng Chem Res 46:7389

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Schrekker HS, Gelesky MA, Stracke MP, Schrekker CML, Machado G, Teixeira SR, Rubim JC, Dupont J (2007) J Colloid Interface Sci 316:189

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Branco LC, Rosa JN, Ramos JJM, Afonso CAM (2002) Chem Eur J 8:3671

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Cassol CC, Ebeling G, Ferrera B, Dupont J (2006) Adv Synth Catal 348:243

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Gelesky MA, Chiaro SSX, Pavan FA, dos Santos JMZ, Dupont J (2007) Dalton Trans 47:5549

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Blake DM, Moens L, Rudnicki D, Pilath H (2006) J Sol Energy Eng 128:54

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Taubert A (2005) Acta Chim Slov 52:168

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Zhou Y (2005) Curr Nanosci 1:35

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Wan Y, Yu SH (2008) J Phys Chem C 112:3641

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Hoffmann HS, Staudt PB, Costa TMH, Moro CC, Benvenutti EV (2002) Surf Interface Anal 33:631

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Arenas LT, Pinheiro AC, Ferreira JD, Livotto PR, Pereira VP, Gallas MR, Gushikem Y, Costa TMH, Benvenutti EV (2008) J Colloid Interface Sci 318:96

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Zhou Y, Antonietti M (2003) Adv Mater 15:1452

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors thank the CNPq for financial support. M. A. Benvegnú thanks the CNPq for a PIBIC/UFRGS fellowship.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Technological Processes and Catalysis, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, P.O. Box 15003, CEP: 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    R. K. Donato, M. V. Migliorini, M. A. Benvegnú & H. S. Schrekker

  2. Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, P.O. Box 15003, CEP: 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    M. P. Stracke, M. A. Gelesky, F. A. Pavan, C. M. L. Schrekker & J. Dupont

  3. Universidade Federal do Pampa, Rua Carlos Barbosa s/n, Getúlio Vargas, CEP: 96412-420, Bage, RS, Brazil

    F. A. Pavan

  4. Laboratory of Solid State Chemistry and Surfaces, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, P.O. Box 15003, CEP: 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    E. V. Benvenutti

Authors
  1. R. K. Donato
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. M. V. Migliorini
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. M. A. Benvegnú
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. M. P. Stracke
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. M. A. Gelesky
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. F. A. Pavan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. C. M. L. Schrekker
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. E. V. Benvenutti
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. J. Dupont
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. H. S. Schrekker
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to H. S. Schrekker.

Electronic supplementary material

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Donato, R.K., Migliorini, M.V., Benvegnú, M.A. et al. Synthesis of silica xerogels with highly distinct morphologies in the presence of imidazolium ionic liquids. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 49, 71–77 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-008-1829-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-008-1829-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation