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Experimental investigation of nano/microencapsulated phase change material emulsion based building wall paint for solar thermal energy storage

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Abstract

Heat accumulation inside the buildings is caused by climate change, urban heat, and frequent electronic components. In the present work, thermal energy storage decorative paint is prepared using nano/microencapsulated phase change material (MPCM). An oil-in-water seeded emulsion method is employed to encapsulate n-nonadecane phase change material (PCM) into [poly (methyl methacrylate-co-butyl acrylate-co-methacrylic acid)] (PMMA-co-BA-co-MAA) copolymer shell. The outdoor building paint is formed by blending PMMA-co-BA-co-MAA acrylic binder and MPCM1 emulsion binder with a specially formulated mill base paste. The MPCM1 emulsion is prepared with a 1:1 core to shell ratio and is then blended with a PMMA-co-BA-co-MAA acrylic emulsion binder, and these blends are added into mill base in 50 wt.% (A1-MPCM1) and 60 wt.% (A2-MPCM1). Thermal energy transfer analysis was used to monitor temperature change from outdoor of the building to the indoor one. The implications of MPCM1 loading on the thermal and mechanical properties of paint are evaluated in this work. Phase change properties, morphological behavior, thermal degradation behavior, chemical nature of PCM, copolymer shell, and microcapsules were analyzed using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical microscopy (POM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). DSC results of MPCM1, A1-MPCM (50 wt.% MPCM1 in paint), and A2-MPCM1(60 wt.% MPCM1 in paint) showed 138.88 J/g, 35.37 J/g, and 41.23 J/g melting enthalpy and 137.21 J/g, 33.89 J/g, and 41.72 J/g crystallization enthalpy, respectively. Other properties of the A1-MPCM1 and A2-MPCM1 were investigated for pencil hardness, stain resistance, water absorption, and flexibility. Furthermore, thermal energy storage efficiency is increased with 50 wt.% and 60 wt.% loadings in outdoor building paint.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Defence Research and Development Organization, India, for the financial help. The authors also would like to thank the Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT), Mumbai, for laboratory support.

Funding

The authors would like to thank Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO) (NRB/4003/PG/387 dated 17-01-2017), New Delhi, India, for the funding.

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  1. Prakash Mahanwar

    Present address: Department of Polymer and Surface Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India, 400019

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  1. Department of Polymer and Surface Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India, 400019

    Amol Tarachand Naikwadi & Asit B. Samui

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Naikwadi, A.T., Samui, A.B. & Mahanwar, P. Experimental investigation of nano/microencapsulated phase change material emulsion based building wall paint for solar thermal energy storage. J Polym Res 28, 438 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-021-02808-3

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