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The surface wettability of TiO2 nanotube arrays: which is more important—morphology or chemical composition?

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Abstract

The wettability of TiO2 nanotube arrays (TiO2-NTAs) synthesized by electrochemical anodization was intensively investigated. It was found that annealing temperature of TiO2-NTAs has significant effect on the hydrophilicity of TiO2-NTAs. With the increase of annealing temperature, the fluorine element content on TiO2-NTAs surface decreases, which results in decrease in water contact angle and increase in hydrophilicity for TiO2-NTAs. The reason is that F− ions escape from the lattice and oxygen vacancies are created at the two coordinated oxygen bridging sites at TiO2-NTAs surface after annealing in argon atmosphere. And these defects can in turn increase the affinity for hydroxyl ions formed by dissociation of chemisorbed water molecules and thereby form hydrophilic domains. In addition, TiO2 crystal becomes well organized gradually with the increase of annealing temperature, F− ions are not favored to exist in the lattice and thus escape from the lattice. Less F element content results in better hydrophilicity of TiO2-NTAs.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by Natural Science Foundation of China [51402209], Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province [201603D121017, 201601D102020, 2015021075], Scientific and Technologial Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi [2016124], Program for Science and Technology Development of Shanxi [20140321012-01], Shanxi Provincial Key Innovative Research Team in Science and Technology [201605D131045-10], Zhejiang Provincial Science and Technology Key Innovation Team [2011R50012], and Key Laboratory [2013E10022], and Foundation of Taiyuan University of Technology [2015MS046].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People’s Republic of China

    Jinbo Xue, Zhifei Wang, Wenyue Hu, Qianqian Shen, Xuguang Liu & Husheng Jia

  2. Research Centre of Advanced Materials Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People’s Republic of China

    Jinbo Xue, Zhifei Wang, Wenyue Hu & Qianqian Shen

  3. Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA

    Jinbo Xue

  4. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People’s Republic of China

    Zhifei Wang, Wenyue Hu, Xuguang Liu & Husheng Jia

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  1. Jinbo Xue
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  2. Zhifei Wang
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Correspondence to Jinbo Xue or Husheng Jia.

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Xue, J., Wang, Z., Hu, W. et al. The surface wettability of TiO2 nanotube arrays: which is more important—morphology or chemical composition?. J Porous Mater 26, 91–98 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10934-018-0616-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10934-018-0616-1

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