Ordered mesoporous carbon prepared from triblock copolymer/novolac composites

Abstract

Ordered mesoporous carbon is synthesized by the organic–organic self-assembly method with novolac as carbon precursor and two kinds of triblock copolymers (Pluronic F127 and P123) as template. The hexagonal structure and a worm-hole structure are observed by TEM. The carbonization temperature is determined by TG and FT-IR. Characterization of physical properties of mesoporous carbon is executed by N₂ absorption–desorption isotherms and XRD. The mass ratios of carbon precursor/template affect the textural properties of mesoporous carbon. The mesoporous carbon with F127/PF of 1/1 has lager surface area (670 m² g⁻¹), pore size (3.2 nm), pore volume (0.40 cm³ g⁻¹), smaller microporous surface area (368 m² g⁻¹) and wall thickness (3.7 nm) compare to that with F127/PF of 0.5/1 (576 m² g⁻¹, 2.7 nm, 0.29 cm³ g⁻¹, 409 m² g⁻¹ and 4.3 nm, respectively). The mesoporous carbon prepared by carbonization at high temperature (700 °C) exhibits lager surface area, lower pore size and pore volume than the corresponding one obtained at 500 °C. The structure and order of the resulting materials are notably affected with types of templates. The mesoporous carbon with P123 as template exhibits worm-hole structure compare to that with F127 as template with hexagonal structure. In general, the pore size of mesoporous carbon with novolac as precursor is smaller than that with resorcinol–formaldehyde as precursor.