Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Physical Characterization of Biodegradable Films Based on Chitosan, Polyvinyl Alcohol and Opuntia Mucilage

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Polymers and the Environment Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study aimed to develop and characterize biodegradable films containing mucilage, chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in different concentrations. The films were prepared by casting on glass plates using glycerol as plasticizer. Mechanical properties, water vapor and oxygen barrier, as well as the interaction with water, were measured. The compatibility of the film-forming components and the uniformity of the films were determined by zeta potential and SEM, respectively. The glycerol and mucilage allowed obtaining more hydrophilic films. The barrier properties of the films made from 100 % chitosan were similar to composed films containing PVA up to 40 %. The results of this study suggest that the interaction between chitosan and mucilage could increase water vapor permeability. The films prepared from either 100 % chitosan or PVA showed a more hydrophobic behavior as compared to the composed films. The films were homogenous since no boundary or separation of components was observed, indicating a good compatibility of the components in the films.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Olivas GI, Barbosa-Cánovas G (2009) In: Embruscado ME, Huber KC (eds) Edible films and coatings for food applicatios. Springer, NewYork, pp 211–238

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  2. Bourtoom T (2008) Edible films and coatings: characteristics and properties. Int Food Res J 15:237–248

    Google Scholar 

  3. Tharanathan RN (2003) Biodegradable films and composite coatings: past, present and future. Trends Food Sci Technol 14:71–78

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Aguilar KC, Tello F, Bierhalz ACK, Garnica Romo MG, Martínez Flores HE, Grosso CRF (2015) Protein adsorption onto alginate-pectin microparticles and films produced by ionic gelation. J Food Eng 154:17–24

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Durango AM, Soares NFF, Arteaga MR (2011) Filmes y revestimientos comestibles como empaques activos biodegradables en la conservación de alimentos. Biotecnología en el Sector Agropecuario y Agroindustrial 9:122–128

    Google Scholar 

  6. Vásconez MB, Flores SK, Campos CA, Alvarado J, Gerschenson LN (2009) Antimicrobial activity and physical properties of chitosan–tapioca starch based edible films and coatings. Food Res Int 42:762–769

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Durango AM, Soares NFF, Andrade NJ (2006) Microbiological evaluation of an edible antimicrobial coating on minimally processed carrots. Food Control 17:336–341

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Fang SW, Li CF, Shih DYC (1994) Antifungal activity of chitosan and its preservative effect on low-sugar candied kumquat. J Food Prot 57:136–140

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Muzzarelli R, Tarsi R, Filippini O, Giovanetti E, Biagini G, Varaldo PE (1990) Antimicrobial properties of N-carboxybutyl chitosan. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 34:2019–2023

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Latorre-Salamanca LE, Perez-Cabrera LE, Diaz-Narvaez GC, Barba-deAlba LR (2011) Linseed mucilage and chitosan composite films: preparation, physical, mechanical and microstructure properties. In: Linseed mucilage and chitosan composite films: preparation, physical, mechanical and microstructure properties, iCEF 11 international congress on engineering and foods, Athens, Greece

  11. Medina-Torres L, Brito-De La Fuente E, Torrestiana-Sanchez B, Katthain R (2000) Rheological properties of the mucilage gum (Opuntia ficus indica). Food Hydrocoll 14:417–424

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Rodríguez-González S, Martínez-Flores HE, Chávez-Moreno CK, Macías-Rodríguez LI, Zavala-Mendoza E, Garnica-Romo MG, Chacón-García L (2014) Extraction and characterization of mucilage from wild species of opuntia. J Food Process Eng 37:285–292

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Sánchez E, Dávila-Aviña J, Castillo SL, Heredia N, Vázquez-Alvarado R, García S (2014) Antibacterial and antioxidant activities in extracts of fully grown cladodes of 8 cultivars of cactus pear. J Food Sci 79:M659–M664

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Sanchez E, Garcia S, Heredia N (2010) Extracts of edible and medicinal plants damage membranes of vibrio cholerae. Appl Environ Microbiol 76:6888–6894

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Gallegos-Infante JA, Rocha-Guzman NE, Gonzalez-Laredo RF, Reynoso-Camacho R, Medina-Torres L, Cervantes-Cardozo V (2009) Effect of air flow rate on the polyphenols content and antioxidant capacity of convective dried cactus pear cladodes (Opuntia ficus indica). Int J Food Sci Nutr 60(Suppl 2):80–87

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Espino-Diaz M, de Jesus Ornelas-Paz J, Martinez-Tellez MA, Santillan C, Barbosa-Canovas GV, Zamudio-Flores PB, Olivas GI (2010) Development and characterization of edible films based on mucilage of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.). J Food Sci 75:E347–E352

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Srinivasa PC, Ramesh MN, Kumar KR, Tharanathan RN (2003) Properties and sorption studies of chitosan–polyvinyl alcohol blend films. Carbohydr Polym 53:431–438

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Rafique A, Mahmood Zia K, Zuber M, Tabasum S, Rehman S (2016) Chitosan functionalized poly(vinyl alcohol) for prospects biomedical and industrial applications: a review. Int J Biol Macromol 87:141–154

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Bonilla J, Fortunati E, Atarés L, Chiralt A, Kenny JM (2014) Physical, structural and antimicrobial properties of poly vinyl alcohol–chitosan biodegradable films. Food Hydrocoll 35:463–470

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Wnuk-Andrew J, Melik-David H, Young-Terrill A (1995) Composiciones de peliculas monocapas biodegradables, impermeables a los liquidos. In: P&G (ed) Oficina Española De Patentes Y Marcas, España, p 24

  21. Villagómez-Zavala DL, Gómez-Corona C, San Martín Martínez E, Pérez-Orozco JP, Vernon-Carter EJ, Pedroza-Islas R (2008) Comparative study of the mechanical properties of edible films made from single and blended hydrophilic biopolymer matrices. Revista mexicana de ingeniería química 7:263–273

    Google Scholar 

  22. Zamora-Vega R, Montanez-Soto JL, Martinez-Flores HE, Flores-Magallon R, Munoz-Ruiz CV, Venegas-Gonzalez J, Ariza Ortega Tde J (2012) Effect of incorporating prebiotics in coating materials for the microencapsulation of Saccharomyces boulardii. Int J Food Sci Nutr 63:930–935

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Coupland JN, Shaw NB, Monahan FJ, Dolores O’Riordan E, O’Sullivan M (2000) Modeling the effect of glycerol on the moisture sorption behavior of whey protein edible films. J Food Eng 43:25–30

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. ASTM-D882 (2012) Standard test method for tensile properties of thin plastic sheeting, USA

  25. ASTM-E96/E96 M (2010) Standard test methods for water vapor transmission of materials, USA

  26. Aguirre-Loredo RY, Rodríguez-Hernández AI, Morales-Sánchez E, Gómez-Aldapa CA, Velazquez G (2016) Effect of equilibrium moisture content on barrier, mechanical and thermal properties of chitosan films. Food Chem 196:560–566

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Romero-Bastida CA, Flores-Huicochea E, Martin-Polo MO, Velazquez G, Torres JA (2004) Compositional and moisture content effects on the biodegradability of zein/ethylcellulose films. J Agric Food Chem 52:2230–2235

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Ostolska I, Wiśniewska M (2014) Application of the zeta potential measurements to explanation of colloidal Cr(2)O(3) stability mechanism in the presence of the ionic polyamino acids. Colloid Polym Sci 292:2453–2464

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Clogston JD, Patri AK (2011) Zeta Potential Measurement. In: McNeil ES (ed) Characterization of nanoparticles intended for drug delivery. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, pp 63–70

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  30. Ma S, Chen F, Ye X, Dong Y, Xue Y, Xu H, Zhang W, Song S, Ai L, Zhang N, Pan W (2013) Intravenous microemulsion of docetaxel containing an anti-tumor synergistic ingredient (Brucea javanica oil): formulation and pharmacokinetics. Int J Nanomed 8:4045–4052

    Google Scholar 

  31. Salem HF, Ahmed SM, Hassaballah AE, Omar MM (2015) Targeting brain cells with glutathione-modulated nanoliposomes: in vitro and in vivo study. Drug Des Dev Ther 9:3705–3727

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Kadir MFZ, Majid SR, Arof AK (2010) Plasticized chitosan-PVA blend polymer electrolyte based proton battery. Electrochim Acta 55:1475–1482

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Suyatma NE, Copinet A, Tighzert L, Coma V (2004) Mechanical and barrier properties of biodegradable films made from chitosan and poly (lactic acid) blends. J Polym Environ 12:1–6

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Vieira MGA, da Silva MA, dos Santos LO, Beppu MM (2011) Natural-based plasticizers and biopolymer films: a review. Eur Polym J 47:254–263

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Gueguen J, Viroben G, Noireaux P, Subirade M (1998) Influence of plasticizers and treatments on the properties of films from pea proteins. Ind Crops Prod 7:149–157

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Leceta I, Guerrero P, de la Caba K (2013) Functional properties of chitosan-based films. Carbohydr Polym 93:339–346

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Bonilla J, Atarés L, Vargas M, Chiralt A (2012) Edible films and coatings to prevent the detrimental effect of oxygen on food quality: possibilities and limitations. J Food Eng 110:208–213

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Ribeiro C, Vicente AA, Teixeira JA, Miranda C (2007) Optimization of edible coating composition to retard strawberry fruit senescence. Postharvest Biol Technol 44:67–70

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. McHugh TH, Krochta JM (1994) Sorbitol- versus glycerol-plasticized whey protein edible films: integrated oxygen permeability and tensile property evaluation. J Agric Food Chem 42:841–845

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We want to acknowledge to Mr. Luciano B. Rusciolelli for his support in oxygen permeability measurements, Luz Ma. Reyna Avilés Arellano from Cinvestav-IPN, campus Querétaro for helping us with the zeta potential and Cecilia Sánchez Cortez, James Pan and Tina Williams for the support for this work. We thank to CONACYT Mexico for financial support provided and the scholarship grant from BEIFI-IPN.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CICATA-QRO, Cerro Blanco No. 141. Col. Colinas del Cimatario, 76090, Querétaro, Mexico

    Blanca M. Dominguez-Martinez & Gonzalo Velazquez

  2. Facultad de Químico Farmacobiología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico

    Hector E. Martínez-Flores

  3. PPG-CEM, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil

    Caio G. Otoni

  4. National Nanotechnology Laboratory for Agribusiness, Embrapa Instrumentação, São Carlos, Brazil

    Caio G. Otoni

  5. Healthy Processed Foods Research Unit, USDA-ARS-WRRC, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA, 94710, USA

    Jose De J. Berrios

  6. Bioproducts Research Unit, USDA-ARS-WRRC, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA, 94710, USA

    Delilah F. Wood

Authors
  1. Blanca M. Dominguez-Martinez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Hector E. Martínez-Flores
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jose De J. Berrios
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Caio G. Otoni
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Delilah F. Wood
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Gonzalo Velazquez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gonzalo Velazquez.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that we have no conflict of interest.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Dominguez-Martinez, B.M., Martínez-Flores, H.E., Berrios, J.D.J. et al. Physical Characterization of Biodegradable Films Based on Chitosan, Polyvinyl Alcohol and Opuntia Mucilage. J Polym Environ 25, 683–691 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-016-0851-y

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-016-0851-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation