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Synthesis, Characterization of Nickel Ferrite and Its Uses as Humidity and LPG Sensors

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Abstract

Nanostructured nickel ferrites (sample B1 and B2) were synthesized by chemical precipitation method using two different precipitating agents; sodium and ammonium hydroxides. The samples were characterized by using powder X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy techniques. The X-ray diffraction revealed the formation of nickel ferrite with lattice parameter a = 8.3 Å and the average crystallite sizes of the samples B1 and B2 were 50 and 15 nm respectively. Surface morphology of the sample B2 exhibited the higher number of adsorption sites in comparison to B1. Transmissions electron microscopy observations confirmed the formation of nanostructured nickel ferrite. Further the pellets, thick and thin films of materials B1 and B2 were prepared and investigated with the exposition of humidity and LPG. Maximum average sensitivity for humidity was formed as 53.74 MΩ/%RH. Also the maximum value of sensitivity was found 62.3 for 4 vol% of LPG. The results were found to be reproducible up to 96 % after 3 months. Response and recovery times for LPG sensing were found to be 220 and 250 s. Best sensitivity, less hysteresis, small activation energy and good reproducibility identify that fabricated humidity and LPG sensors (B2) are promising and challenging.

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Acknowledgments

B. C. Yadav acknowledges to DAE-BRNS for financial support in the form of project [2013/34/27/BRNS/2693]. Ms. Monika Singh is thankful to BRNS, DAE, Govt. of India for fellowship. Dr. Richa Srivastava is highly grateful to University Grants commission Delhi for ‘Post Doctoral fellowship for Women’, No. F.15-79/2011(SA-II).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Applied Physics, Babasaheb Bheemrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, 206025, India

    Richa Srivastava, B. C. Yadav & Monika Singh

  2. Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India

    T. P. Yadav

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  1. Richa Srivastava
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  2. B. C. Yadav
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  3. Monika Singh
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  4. T. P. Yadav
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Correspondence to Richa Srivastava.

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Srivastava, R., Yadav, B.C., Singh, M. et al. Synthesis, Characterization of Nickel Ferrite and Its Uses as Humidity and LPG Sensors. J Inorg Organomet Polym 26, 1404–1412 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-016-0425-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-016-0425-4

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