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Fluorescent Carbon Quantum Dots Functionalized by Poly L-Lysine: Efficient Material for Antibacterial, Bioimaging and Antiangiogenesis Applications

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Abstract

This study illustrates the synthesis of functionalized carbon quantum dots (CQDs) by the one-pot pyrolysis method. The functionalization agent used in CQD synthesis was poly l- lysine (PLL). Various physicochemical techniques were employed to confirm the successful formation of PLLCQD including High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), UV-Vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy; Atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The size of PLLCQD was confirmed by HRTEM and AFM. The synthesized PLLCQD shows bright blue fluorescence and has a quantum yield of 19.35%. The highest emission band was observed at 471nm when excited to 370nm. The prepared PLLCQD exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus with inhibition zone 7-20 mm. The concentrations of 0.9 to 0.1gmL-1 were studied to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by the agar well diffusion assay method. MIC of 0.2gml -1 concentration of PLLCQD is achieved. The anti-angiogenic activity of PLLCQD was determined using (Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane) CAM assay. CAM assay is a reliable in -vivo model to study angiogenesis also; many stimulators and inhibitors have been examined by this method. This study proves higher antibacterial efficiency of PLLCQD over non functionalized CQD. PLLCQD was successfully employed in bio-imaging of the bacterial cell through fluorescence microscopy. Further, PLLCQD displayed cytotoxic effect on endothelial cells and inhibited blood vessel formation in the CAM model.

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Data Availability Statement

The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the D. Y. Patil Education Society, (Deemed to be University), Kolhapur for providing the required infrastructure, experimental facility, and financial support through the intramural project (No. DYPES/DU/R&D/2021/274), The authors also want to acknowledge Czech Academy of Sciences—Strategy AV21—Research programme "VP29 towards Precision Medicine and Gene Therapy".

Funding

This work was supported D. Y. Patil Education Society, (Deemed to be University), Kolhapur for providing required infrastructure, experimental facility and the financial support through intramural project (No. DYPES/DU/R&D/2021/274).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, D. Y. Patil Education Society(Deemed to Be University), Kolhapur, 416 006, Maharashtra, India

    Anuja Vibhute & Arpita Pandey Tiwari

  2. Fluorescence Spectroscopy Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India

    Omkar Nille & Govind Kolekar

  3. Laboratory of Cell Regeneration and Plasticity, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics AS CR, v.v.i. Rumburska 89, Libechov, 277 21, Czech Republic

    Sonali Rohiwal

  4. Department of Electronics and Information Convergence Engineering, Kyung Hee University (Global Campus), 1732, Deogyoung Road, Giheung, Gyeonggi, Yongin, 17104, South Korea

    Shubham Patil & Seunghyun Lee

Authors
  1. Anuja Vibhute
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  2. Omkar Nille
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  3. Govind Kolekar
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  4. Sonali Rohiwal
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  5. Shubham Patil
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  6. Seunghyun Lee
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  7. Arpita Pandey Tiwari
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Contributions

Ms. Anuja Vibhute has performed the experiments, contributed to the design of the study, and wrote the manuscript. Dr. Arpita Tiwari contributed to the design of the study, wrote the manuscript, and provided funding support. Mr. Omkar Nille, Dr. Govind Kolekar has contributed in data analysis of fluorescence spectroscopy. Mr. Shubham Patil and Dr. Seunghyun Lee contributed in data analysis of XPS. Dr. Sonali Rohiwal has revised the manuscript critically for intellectual content. All authors read and approved the submission of the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Arpita Pandey Tiwari.

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Vibhute, A., Nille, O., Kolekar, G. et al. Fluorescent Carbon Quantum Dots Functionalized by Poly L-Lysine: Efficient Material for Antibacterial, Bioimaging and Antiangiogenesis Applications. J Fluoresc 32, 1789–1800 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10895-022-02977-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10895-022-02977-4

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