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The Activity of the Antioxidant Defense System of the Weed Species Senna obtusifolia L. and its Resistance to Allelochemical Stress

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Abstract

Senna obtusifolia L., a common weed in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, is able to germinate under adverse environmental conditions, suggesting that this species has efficient stress-adaptation strategies. The aims of the present work were to examine the energy metabolism and the antioxidant defense system of the Senna obtusifolia L. during seed germination and initial growth, and the responses to allelochemical-induced stress. Respiratory activity, the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT),guaicol peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), lipoxygenase (LOX) and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSSG and GSH) were measured. Shortly after seed imbibition, mitochondrial respiratory activity was active and the presence of SOD, CAT, GR and LOX activity in embryos, along with significant KCN-insensitive respiration, indicated that the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is initiated as soon as mitochondrial respiration resumes. Among the fourteen allelochemicals assayed, only coumarin significantly supressed the growth of S. obtusifolia seedlings. Although coumarin reduced the activities of CAT, POD and APX, the GSH, GSSG and MDA levels were not altered. Alpha-pinene, quercetin and ferulic acid did not modify the activity of the antioxidant enzymes or the contents of GSH, GSSH and MDA. Thus the antioxidant defense system of S. obstusifolia may be effective in counteracting the harmful effects of ROS generated during seed germination and initial growth in the presence of toxic allelochemicals.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by grants from the Fundação Araucária do Estado do Paraná and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq). Érica Marusa Pergo fellowship holder from the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES).

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  1. Laboratory of Biological Oxidations, Department of Biochemistry, University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020900, Brazil

    Érica Marusa Pergo Coelho, Mauro Cezar Barbosa, Márcio Shigueaki Mito, Gislaine Cristiane Mantovanelli & Emy Luiza Ishii-Iwamoto

  2. Department of Agronomy, University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020900, Brazil

    Rubem Silvério Oliveira Jr

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Coelho, É.M.P., Barbosa, M.C., Mito, M.S. et al. The Activity of the Antioxidant Defense System of the Weed Species Senna obtusifolia L. and its Resistance to Allelochemical Stress. J Chem Ecol 43, 725–738 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-017-0865-5

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