Abstract
The banded sunflower moth (BSFM), Cochylis hospes Walshingham (Lepidoptera: Cochylidae) is a specialist insect, the larvae of which feed on sunflowers, Helianthus spp., and a few other species of Compositae. It is one of the most important pests of sunflower in the USA. Previous work on H. annuus, the cultivated sunflower, revealed two diterpenoids that function as oviposition stimulants for female BSFM, and that other, more polar compounds also stimulated oviposition. Using a bioassay-guided approach, we isolated three additional diterpenoids, grandifloric acid (1), 15β-hydroxy-ent-trachyloban-19-oic acid (2), and 17-hydroxy-16α-ent-kauran-19-oic acid (3), from polar fractions of pre-bloom sunflower head extracts. In laboratory bioassays, purified natural samples of each of these compounds stimulated oviposition by female BSFM. Structure–activity relationships of the five diterpenoids known to stimulate oviposition by female BSFM are discussed.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Sharon Grugel for supplying insects and Kirk Anderson for assistance in growing sunflowers. This work was partially supported by a grant from the National Sunflower Association and North Dakota SBARE.
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Morris, B.D., Charlet, L.D. & Foster, S.P. Isolation of Three Diterpenoid Acids from Sunflowers, as Oviposition Stimulants for the Banded Sunflower Moth, Cochylis hospes . J Chem Ecol 35, 50–57 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-008-9567-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-008-9567-3