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Assessment and comparison of surface chemical composition and oxide layer modification upon two different activation methods on a cocrmo alloy

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Abstract

This study investigated the effect of two different activation methods on the surface chemical composition of a CoCrMo-alloy. The activation was performed with oxygen plasma (OP) or nitric acid (NA). The surface physical–chemical properties were thoroughly characterized by means of several analytical techniques: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), zinc-complex substitution technique, contact angle, and interferometry. The surface modification was evaluated by assessing contamination removal, the “active” hydroxyl groups (OH-act) present at the surface, the metal oxide ratio (CoyO −x /CryO −x ) and changes in the chemical composition and topography of the oxide layer. XPS experimental data showed for both methods (OP and NA) a significant decrease of the carbon contents (C 1s) associated with contaminants and at the same time changes in the atomic composition of the oxide layer (O 1s). In addition, the O 1s XPS spectra showed differences between the percentage of OH− before and after OP or NA treatment, leading to the conclusion that both methods are effective for surface “cleaning” and activation. These results were further investigated and corroborated by ToF-SIMS analysis and zinc complex substitution technique. The general conclusion was that NA is more efficient in terms of contaminants removal and generation of accessible OH-act present at the surface and without altering the native metal oxide ratio (CoyO −x /CryO −x ) considered to be essential for biocompatibility.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully thank: Ministry of Science and Innovation; Spain MAT2008-06887-C03-03 (Biofunctionalized surfaces for tissue repair and regeneration), for financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nanoengineering Research Centre (CRnE), Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), Barcelona, Spain

    Viriginia Paredes, Emiliano Salvagni, F. Javier Gil & Jose Maria Manero

  2. Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), Barcelona, Spain

    Viriginia Paredes, Emiliano Salvagni, F. Javier Gil & Jose Maria Manero

  3. Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain

    Enrique Rodriguez

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  1. Viriginia Paredes
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  2. Emiliano Salvagni
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Correspondence to Emiliano Salvagni.

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Authors V. Paredes and E. Salvagni equally contributed to this work.

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Paredes, V., Salvagni, E., Rodriguez, E. et al. Assessment and comparison of surface chemical composition and oxide layer modification upon two different activation methods on a cocrmo alloy. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 25, 311–320 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-013-5083-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-013-5083-2

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