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Deposition and characteristics of bismuth sulfide thin films by an in situ chemical reaction process at room temperature: a facile and eco-friendly approach

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Abstract

Uniform, smooth and densely packed Bi2S3 thin films were prepared at room temperature by an in situ solution chemical reaction using bismuth nitrate as precursor in a form of thin solid film which was reacted with ammonium sulfide ethanol solution. Bi2S3 thin films both as-deposited and annealed at different temperatures were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, UV–Vis–NIR and LSV measurements. The thin films growth with deposition cycle numbers was investigated. The results showed that the as-deposited Bi2S3 thin films were almost amorphous and near to chemical stoichiometry. The annealing promoted crystallization to orthorhombic structure as well as crystal growth from very small particles to short-rod shaped nanocrystals. The optical band-gap energy was in the range of 1.34–1.69 eV depended on crystal size on films. The eight dip-cycles Bi2S3 films annealed at 300 °C had a better photoelectrochemical performance with photocurrent density of 5.03 mA/cm2 bias 0.5 V vs. Ag/AgCl reference electrode. This in situ deposition had an average deposited rate of 40 nm per cycle and a self-perfect function to grow smooth with increase of dip-cycle numbers.

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Acknowledgments

This work is supported financially by Key Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin (No. 12JCZDJC27500), Research Program of Application Foundation of Qinghai Province (Contract No. 2013-Z-701) and Joint Foundation of Tianjin University-Qinghai University Cooperation (2014).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People’s Republic of China

    Weiyan Liu, Huiming Ji, Jian Wang, Xuerong Zheng, Junyun Lai, Junna Ji, Tongfei Li & Zhengguo Jin

  2. College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Qinghai University for Nationalities, Xining, 810007, People’s Republic of China

    Yuanliang Ma, Haiqin Li & Suqin Zhao

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  1. Weiyan Liu
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  2. Huiming Ji
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  11. Zhengguo Jin
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Correspondence to Zhengguo Jin.

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Liu, W., Ji, H., Wang, J. et al. Deposition and characteristics of bismuth sulfide thin films by an in situ chemical reaction process at room temperature: a facile and eco-friendly approach. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 26, 1474–1484 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-014-2564-0

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