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Magnetic and compressive properties of ternary Ni–Fe–Ti eutectic alloy processed by electromagnetic levitation technique

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Abstract

The magnetic and compressive properties of the ternary Ni40.6Fe36.4Ti23 eutectic alloys solidified under electromagnetic levitation condition were investigated. An undercooling range from 32 to 141 K was achieved, and a ternary eutectic consisting of a fibrous Fe2Ti phase and lamellar γ-Fe(Ni) + Ni3Ti phases formed. In the ternary eutectic, the γ-Fe(Ni) and Ni3Ti phases kept cooperative growth, while the Fe2Ti phase grew either cooperatively with these two phases or sometimes independently. Theoretical calculations showed that there existed a vertical flow field and temperature gradient in the center of the levitated alloy droplet, contributing to the directional growth behavior of eutectic grain. The growth velocity of primary Ni3Ti dendrite increased by 2.4 times, while that of ternary eutectic increased by 77% as undercooling rose, and consequently, the microstructures were significantly refined. The temperature stability of coercivity and residual magnetization below ambient temperature was improved once alloy undercooling reached 128 K, ascribed to the enhancement of the exchange coupling effect between the magnetic domains inside refined grains. The fracture strain of the ternary eutectic alloy increased with undercooling because microcrack propagation was further hindered and the plastic deformation was more homogeneous. Meanwhile, the fracture was dominated by transgranular (TG) mode at an undercooling of 132 K because the bonding force of grain boundaries became stronger.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U1806219, 52073232, and 52088101), the Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Shaanxi Province (Grant No. 2020JC-11), and the Science Fund for Scientific and Technological Innovation Team of Shaanxi Province (Grant No. 2021TD-14). The authors are very grateful to Mr. L.Y. Li for his help with the experiments. They also thank Dr. J. Chang, Mr. S.S. Xu, and Miss. S. Sha for their supports and valuable discussion.

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  1. MOE Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072, China

    X. W. Li, B. W. Wu, Y. Ruan & B. Wei

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Li, X.W., Wu, B.W., Ruan, Y. et al. Magnetic and compressive properties of ternary Ni–Fe–Ti eutectic alloy processed by electromagnetic levitation technique. J Mater Sci 56, 15407–15422 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-021-06258-6

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