Abstract
Nitrogen (N)-doped carbon cloth (NCC) was obtained by carbonizing polypyrrole coated on the CC to improve the specific surface area and introduce nitrogen functional groups. The surface area of the NCC was 147 m2 g−1, which was 16.7 times that of CC (8.8 m2 g−1). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy demonstrated that two types of N dopants (pyrrolic-N and quaternary-N) were successfully doped in the NCC. The NCC had a high specific capacitance of 1.2 F cm−2 at 8 mA cm−2 as determined using a three-electrode system in 1 M Na2SO4. The asymmetric supercapacitor used with the NCC as negative electrode exhibited an energy density of 2.43 mWh cm−3 at 208 mW cm−3 with a voltage window of 2 V.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Huang L, Yao B, Sun J, Gao X, Wu J, Wan J, Li T, Hu Z, Zhou J (2017) Highly conductive and flexible molybdenum oxide nanopaper for high volumetric supercapacitor electrode. J Mater Chem A 5:2897–2903
Wang N, Sun B, Zhao P, Yao M, Hu W, Komarneni S (2018) Electrodeposition preparation of NiCo2O4 mesoporous film on ultrafine nickel wire for flexible asymmetric supercapacitors. Chem Eng J 345:31–38
Zeng D, Dou Y, Li M, Zhou M, Li H, Jiang K, Yang F, Peng J (2018) Wool fiber-derived nitrogen-doped porous carbon prepared from molten salt carbonization method for supercapacitor application. J Mater Sci 53:8372–8384. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-018-2035-8
Huang L, Yao X, Yuan L, Yao B, Gao X, Wan J, Zhou P, Xu M, Wu J, Yu H, Hu Z, Li T, Li Y, Zhou J (2018) 4-Butylbenzenesulfonate modified polypyrrole paper for supercapacitor with exceptional cycling stability. Energy Storage Mater 12:191–196
Qiu Y, Cheng Z, Guo B, Fan H, Sun S, Wu T, Jin L, Fan L, Feng X (2015) Preparation of activated carbon paper through a simple method and application as a supercapacitor. J Mater Sci 50:1586–1593
Zhang Z, Xiao F, Qian L, Xiao J, Wang S, Liu Y (2014) Facile synthesis of 3D MnO2–graphene and carbon nanotube–graphene composite networks for high-performance, flexible, all-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors. Adv Energy Mater 4:1400064
Su X, Jiang S, Zheng G, Zheng X, Yang J, Liu Z (2018) High-performance supercapacitors based on porous activated carbons from cattail wool. J Mater Sci 53:9191–9205. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-018-2208-5
Qu D, Wang L, Zheng D, Xiao L, Deng B, Qu D (2014) An asymmetric supercapacitor with highly dispersed nano-Bi2O3 and active carbon electrodes. J Power Sources 269:129–135
Xie D, Tang W, Wang Y, Xia X, Zhong Y, Zhou D, Wang D, Wang X, Tu J (2016) Facile fabrication of integrated three-dimensional C-MoSe2/reduced graphene oxide composite with enhanced performance for sodium storage. Nano Res 9:1618–1629
Wang Y, Zhang Y, Zhong W, Qing X, Zhou Q, Liu Q, Wang W, Liu X, Li M, Wang D (2018) Flexible supercapacitor with high energy density prepared by GO-induced porous coral-like polypyrrole (PPy)/PET non-woven fabrics. J Mater Sci 53:8409–8419. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-018-2131-9
Zhang Z, Xiao F, Xiao J, Wang S (2015) Functionalized carbonaceous fibers for high performance flexible all-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors. J Mater Chem A 3:11817–11823
Jiang H, Lee P, Li C (2013) 3D carbon based nanostructures for advanced supercapacitors. Energy Environ Sci 6:41–53
Zhang Z, Chi K, Xiao F, Wang S (2015) Advanced solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors based on 3D graphene/MnO2 and graphene/polypyrrole hybrid architectures. J Mater Chem A 3:12828–12835
Wang Z, Han Y, Zeng Y, Qie Y, Wang Y, Zheng D, Lu X, Tong Y (2016) Activated carbon fiber paper with exceptional capacitive performance as a robust electrode for supercapacitors. J Mater Chem A 4:5828–5833
Liu Q, Wang B, Chen J, Li F, Liu K, Wang Y, Li M, Lu Z, Wang W, Wang D (2017) Facile synthesis of three-dimensional (3D) interconnecting polypyrrole (PPy) nanowires/nanofibrous textile composite electrode for high performance supercapacitors. Compos A Appl Sci Manuf 101:30–40
Xiong X, Gordon W, Ding D, Chen D, Ben R, Zhao B, Wang Z, Liu M (2015) Controlled synthesis of NiCo2S4 nanostructured arrays on carbon fiber paper for high-performance pseudocapacitors. Nano Energy 16:71–80
Yang M, Seok B, Bong G (2015) Hierarchical core/shell structure of MnO2@ polyaniline composites grown on carbon fiber paper for application in pseudocapacitors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 17:29874–29879
Zhang Z, Xiao F, Wang S (2015) Hierarchically structured MnO2/graphene/carbon fiber and porous graphene hydrogel wrapped copper wire for fiber-based flexible all-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors. J Mater Chem A 3:11215–11223
Hu Z, Xiao X, Jin H, Li T, Chen M, Liang Z, Guo Z, Li J, Wan J, Huang L, Zhang Y, Feng G, Zhou J (2017) Rapid mass production of two-dimensional metal oxides and hydroxides via the molten salts method. Nat Commun 8:15630
Sun P, Yi H, Peng T, Jing Y, Wang R, Wang H, Wang X (2017) Ultrathin MnO2 nanoflakes deposited on carbon nanotube networks for symmetrical supercapacitors with enhanced performance. J Power Sources 341:27–35
Wang N, Yao M, Zhao P, Hu W, Komarneni S (2017) Remarkable electrochemical properties of novel LaNi0.5Co0.5O3/0.333Co3O4 hollow spheres with a mesoporous shell. J Mater Chem A 5:5838–5845
Wang K, Xu M, Gu Y, Gu Z, Fan Q (2016) Symmetric supercapacitors using urea-modified lignin derived N-doped porous carbon as electrode materials in liquid and solid electrolytes. J Power Sources 332:180–186
Zhang H, Qiu W, Zhang Y, Han Y, Yu M, Wang Z, Lu X, Tong Y (2016) Surface engineering of carbon fiber paper for efficient capacitive energy storage. J Mater Chem A 4:18639–18645
Wang N, Zhao P, Liang K, Yao M, Yang Y, Hu W (2017) CVD-grown polypyrrole nanofilms on highly mesoporous structure MnO2 for high performance asymmetric supercapacitors. Chem Eng J 307:105–112
Guo F, Xu R, Cui X, Zhang L, Wang K, Yao Y, Wei J (2016) High performance of stretchable carbon nanotube–polypyrrole fiber supercapacitors under dynamic deformation and temperature variation. J Mater Chem A 23:9311–9318
Zhang Z, Liu S, Xiao J, Wang S (2016) Fiber-based multifunctional nickel phosphide electrodes for flexible energy conversion and storage. J Mater Chem A 4:9691–9699
Long Q, Wei M, Zhao H, Qing G, Xiang L, Li X, Hu X, Zhang W, Hung Y (2012) Nitrogen‐doped porous carbon nanofiber webs as anodes for lithium ion batteries with a superhigh capacity and rate capability. Adv Mater 24:2047–2050
Zhu J, Xu Y, Zhang Y, Feng T, Wang J, Mao S, Xiong L (2016) Porous and high electronic conductivity nitrogen-doped nano-sheet carbon derived from polypyrrole for high-power supercapacitors. Carbon 107:638–645
Liu X, Wang H, Cui Y, Xu X, Zhang H, Lu G, Shi J, Liu W, Chen S, Wang X (2018) High-energy sodium-ion capacitor assembled by hierarchical porous carbon electrodes derived from Enteromorpha. J Mater Sci 53:6763–6773. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-017-1982-9
Wang W, Liu W, Zeng Y, Han Y, Yu M, Lu X, Tong Y (2015) A novel exfoliation strategy to significantly boost the energy storage capability of commercial carbon cloth. Adv Mater 27:3572–3578
Yu N, Guo K, Zhang W, Wang X, Zhu M (2017) Flexible high-energy asymmetric supercapacitors based on MnO@C composite nanosheet electrodes. J Mater Chem A 5:804–813
Lei W, Han L, Xuan C, Lin R, Liu H, Xin H, Wang D (2016) Nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers derived from polypyrrole coated bacterial cellulose as high-performance electrode materials for supercapacitors and Li-ion batteries. Electrochim Acta 210:130–137
Wang S, Zhang J, Shang P, Li Y, Chen Z, Xu Q (2014) N-doped carbon spheres with hierarchical micropore-nanosheet networks for high performance supercapacitors. Chem Commun 50:12091–12094
Gueon D, Moon J, Sustain ACS (2017) MnO2 nanoflake-shelled carbon nanotube particles for high-performance supercapacitors. Chem Eng 5:2445–2453
Qin K, Liu E, Li J, Kang J, Shi C, He C, He F, Zhao N (2016) Free-standing 3D nanoporous duct-like and hierarchical nanoporous graphene films for micron-level flexible solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors. Adv Energy Mater 6:1600755
Xu X, Liu Y, Wang M, Zhu C, Lu T, Zhao R, Pan L (2016) Hierarchical hybrids with microporous carbon spheres decorated three-dimensional graphene frameworks for capacitive applications in supercapacitor and deionization. Electrochim Acta 193:88–95
Yao M, Wang N, Hu W, Komarneni S (2018) Novel hydrothermal electrodeposition to fabricate mesoporous film of Ni0.8Fe0.2 nanosheets for high performance oxygen evolution reaction. Appl Catal B Environ 233:226–233
Lei S, Liu Y, Fei L, Song R, Lu W, Shu L, Mak C, Wang Y, Huang H (2016) Commercial Dacron cloth supported Cu(OH)2 nanobelt arrays for wearable supercapacitors. J Mater Chem A 4:14781–14788
Wang L, Yang H, Liu X, Zeng R, Li M, Huang Y, Hu X (2016) Constructing hierarchical tectorum-like α-Fe2O3/PPy nanoarrays on carbon cloth for solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors. Angew Chem 129:1125–1130
Feng D, Song Y, Huang Z, Xu X, Liu X (2016) Rate capability improvement of polypyrrole via integration with functionalized commercial carbon cloth for pseudocapacitor. J Power Sources 324:788–797
Jian X, Yang H, Li J, Zhang E, Cao L, Liang Z (2017) Flexible all-solid-state high-performance supercapacitor based on electrochemically synthesized carbon quantum dots/polypyrrole composite electrode. Electrochim Acta 228:483–493
Cao J, Huang T, Liu R, Xi X, Wu D (2017) Nitrogen-doped carbon coated stainless steel meshes for flexible supercapacitors. Electrochim Acta 230:265–270
Ye D, Yu Y, Tang J, Liu L, Wu Y (2016) Electrochemical activation of carbon cloth in aqueous inorganic salt solution for superior capacitive performance. Nanoscale 8:10406–10414
Wang L, Yang H, Liu X, Zeng R, Li M, Huang Y, Hu X (2017) Constructing hierarchical tectorum-like α-Fe2O3/PPy nanoarrays on carbon cloth for solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors. Angew Chem Int Edit 129:1125–1130
Masaharu N, Shogo O, Koki K, Kyohei K, Hikaru A (2016) Direct growth of birnessite-type MnO2 on treated carbon cloth for a flexible asymmetric supercapacitor with excellent cycling stability. J Electrochem Soc 163:A2340–A2348
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhang, Q., Wang, N., Zhao, P. et al. N-doped mesoporous carbon integrated on carbon cloth for flexible supercapacitors with remarkable performance. J Mater Sci 53, 14573–14585 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-018-2654-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-018-2654-0