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The effect of high-temperature vapor deposition polymerization of polyimide coating on tensile properties of polyacrylonitrile- and pitch-based carbon fibers

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Abstract

Carbon fibers are widely used as a reinforcement in composite materials because of their high-specific strength and modulus. Current trends toward the development of carbon fibers have been driven in two directions; ultrahigh tensile strength fiber with a fairly high strain to failure (~2 %), and ultrahigh modulus fiber with high-thermal conductivity. Today, a number of ultrahigh strength polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based (more than 6 GPa), and ultrahigh modulus pitch-based (more than 900 GPa) carbon fibers have been commercially available. In the present work, the tensile properties of polyimide-coated PAN-based (T1000GB, T300, and M60JB) and pitch-based (K13D and XN-05) carbon fibers have been investigated using a single-filament tensile test. The pyromellitic dianhydride/4-4′-oxydianiline polyimide coating was deposited on the carbon fiber surface using high-temperature vapor deposition polymerization (VDPH). The Weibull statistical distributions of the tensile strength were characterized. The results clearly show that the VDPH polyimide coating improves the tensile strength and the Weibull modulus of PAN- and pitch-based carbon fibers.

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Notes

  1. The polyimides were non-conducting materials and might be coated with a conducting layer to prevent specimen charging effects. However, the carbon fibers were conducting materials (the one end of carbon fiber was fixed with a conducting tape) and the thickness of polyimide coating was quite thin in this study. The specimen charging effects were as small as they could ignore. Therefore, the polyimide-coated carbon fiber surfaces were not coated with a conductive (gold, platinum, graphite, or osmium etc.) layer.

  2. The sizing materials and polyimides were non-conducting materials and might be coated with a conducting layer to prevent specimen charging effects. However, the carbon fibers were conducting materials (the one end of carbon fiber was fixed with a conducting tape) and the thickness of polyimide coating (or sizing) was quite thin in this study. The specimen charging effects were as small as they could ignore. Therefore, the as-received (with sizing) and polyimide-coated carbon fiber surfaces were not coated with a conductive (gold, platinum, graphite or osmium etc.) layer.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by JSPS (Japan Society for the Promotion of Science) KAKENHI 22360282 and JST (Japan Science and Technology Agency) through Advanced Low Carbon Technology Research and Development Program (ALCA).

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  1. Composite Materials Group, Hybrid Materials Unit, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan

    Kimiyoshi Naito

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Naito, K. The effect of high-temperature vapor deposition polymerization of polyimide coating on tensile properties of polyacrylonitrile- and pitch-based carbon fibers. J Mater Sci 48, 6056–6064 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-013-7402-x

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