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Preparation and properties of polystyrene nanocomposites with graphite oxide and graphene as flame retardants

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Abstract

In this study, graphite oxides (GOs) with different oxidation degrees and graphene nanosheets were prepared by a modified Hummers method and thermal exfoliation of the prepared GO, respectively. Polystyrene (PS)/GO and PS/graphene nanocomposites were prepared via melt blending. X-ray diffraction results showed that GOs and graphene were exfoliated in the PS composites. It could be observed from the scanning electron microscope images that GOs and graphene were well dispersed throughout the matrix without obvious aggregates. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis suggested that the storage modulus for the PS/GO1 and PS/graphene nanocomposites was efficiently improved due to the low oxygen content of GO1 and the elimination of the oxygen groups from GO. The flammability of nanocomposites was evaluated by thermal gravimetric analysis and cone calorimetry. The results suggested that both the thermal stability and the reduction in peak heat release rate (PHRR) decreased with the increasing of the oxygen groups in GOs or graphene. The optimal flammability was obtained with the graphene (5 wt%), in which case the reduction in the PHRR is almost 50 % as compared to PS.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21173120), the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China (2012M511184), and the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. 1102075C).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Mechanics & Materials, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People’s Republic of China

    Yongqin Han, Ying Wu & Mingxia Shen

  2. College of Material Science & Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, People’s Republic of China

    Xianli Huang, Jiajia Zhu & Xiaogang Zhang

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  1. Yongqin Han
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  2. Ying Wu
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  3. Mingxia Shen
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  4. Xianli Huang
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Correspondence to Yongqin Han, Mingxia Shen or Xiaogang Zhang.

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Han, Y., Wu, Y., Shen, M. et al. Preparation and properties of polystyrene nanocomposites with graphite oxide and graphene as flame retardants. J Mater Sci 48, 4214–4222 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-013-7234-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-013-7234-8

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