Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Post-deposition heat treatment of co-deposited Cr3C2 and AISI 410 stainless steel using the coaxial laser deposition technique

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Cr3C2 ceramic powder is added in varying amounts to AISI 410 stainless steel powder to develop AISI 400 based alloys with varying chromium and carbon content using the coaxial laser deposition technique operating at parameter sets which guarantee full melting of the constituent powder particles. Theoretical isothermal curves for the in situ generated alloys are correlated with the as-deposited and heat-treated microstructures using electron microscopy, X-ray and electron backscatter diffraction techniques. It is concluded that with an increased carbon loading in the mixture, post-deposition heat treatment involving full re-austenitising and tempering is necessary in order to reduce the effect of solute trapping which negatively affects the material mechanical properties.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Abboud JH, Rawlings RD, West DRF (1995) J Mater Sci 30:5931

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Wang F, Mei J, Wu X (2007) Mater Des 28:2040

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Lin X, Yue TM, Yang HO et al (2005) Mater Sci Eng A 391:325

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Ensz MT, Griffith ML, Rechaway DE (2002) In: Proceedings of the 2002 international conference on metal powder deposition for rapid manufacturing, vol 1, p 195

  5. Pei X, Wang J, Wan Q et al (2011) Surf Coat Technol 205:4380

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Yue TM, Li T (2008) Surf Coat Technol 202:3043

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Atwood C, Griffith M, Harwell L et al (1998) ICALEO 11:16

    Google Scholar 

  8. Lim JS, Ng KL, Teh KM (2008) SIMtech 9:142–147

    Google Scholar 

  9. Pinkerton AJ, Li L (2004) J Manuf Sci Eng 126:33

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Richter KH, Orban S, Nowotny S (2004) In: ICALEO 23

  11. Jouvard JM, Grevey D, Lemoine F et al (1997) J Phys III 7:2265–2274

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. de Oliveira U, Ocelik V, De Hosson JTM (2005) Surf Coat Technol 197:127

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Anandkumar R, Almeida A, Vilar R et al (2009) Surf Coat Technol 204:285

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Fenech M, Grech M, Betts JC (2012) Surf Coat Technol 207:211

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. ASM International (1993) ASM handbook, 10th edn, vol 1. ASM International, Materials Park, OH, pp 2011

  16. Chen J, Wang S, Xue L (2012) J Mater Sci 47:779

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Chen J, Conlon K, Xue L et al (2010) Mater Sci Eng A 527:7265

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Mahmoudi B, Torkamany MJ, Aghdam ARSR et al (2010) Mater Des 31:2553

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Wang L, Felicelli SD, Pratt P (2008) Mater Sci Eng A 496:234

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Lin YC, Chen SC (2003) J Mater Process Technol 138:22

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Sourmail T, Garcia-Mateo C (2005) Comput Mater Sci 34:323

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Yang H, Bhadeshia HKDH (2009) Scr Mater 60:493

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Guimarães J, Rios P (2010) J Mater Sci 45:1074

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Yang H-, Jang JH, Bhadeshia HKDH et al (2012) Calphad 36:16

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Hemmati I, Ocelík V, De Hosson J (2011) J Mater Sci 46:3405

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Chen J, Xue L, Wang S (2011) J Mater Sci 46:5859

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Colaco R, Vilar R (2004) Mater Sci Eng A 385:123

    Google Scholar 

  28. Vamsi Krishna B, Bandyopadhyay A (2009) Mater Des 30:1490

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Tsai MC, Chiou CS, Du JS et al (2002) Mater Sci Eng A 332:1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Costa L, Deus AM, Reti T et al (2002) In: Proceedings of the 2002 international conference on metal powder deposition for rapid manufacturing, pp 172–176

  31. Costa L, Vilar R, Reti T et al (2005) Mater Sci Forum 473:315–320

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Andrews KW (1965) J Iron Steel Int 203:721–727

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Tsymbalist MM, Rudenskaya NA, Kuz’min BP et al (2003) Prot Met 39:338

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Lin C, Lai H, Kuo J et al (2011) Mater Charact 62:1124

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Kurz W, Fisher DJ (1984) Fundamentals of solidification, 1st edn. Trans. Tech. Publications, Switzerland

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank ERDF (Malta) for the financing of the testing equipment through the project: “Developing an Interdisciplinary Material Testing and Rapid Prototyping R&D Facility (Ref. no. 012).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malta, Msida, MSD2080, Malta

    Maurizio Fenech, Bertram Mallia, Maurice Grech & John C. Betts

Authors
  1. Maurizio Fenech
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Bertram Mallia
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Maurice Grech
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. John C. Betts
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Maurizio Fenech.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Fenech, M., Mallia, B., Grech, M. et al. Post-deposition heat treatment of co-deposited Cr3C2 and AISI 410 stainless steel using the coaxial laser deposition technique. J Mater Sci 48, 2224–2235 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-012-6998-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-012-6998-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation