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Effects of MnO2 and sintering temperature on microstructure, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties of Ba0.85Ca0.15Ti0.90Zr0.10O3 lead-free ceramics

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Abstract

Ba0.85Ca0.15Ti0.90Zr0.10O3 + xmol% MnO2 lead-free ceramics have been prepared by a conventional sintering method and the effects of MnO2 and sintering temperature on microstructure, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties of Ba0.85Ca0.15Ti0.90Zr0.10O3 lead-free ceramics have been studied. The addition of 0.25 mol% MnO2 promotes grain growth, improves the ferroelectricity of the ceramics and strengthens ferroelectric tetragonal–ferroelectric orthorhombic phase transition near 40 °C. Because of the coexistence of tetragonal and orthorhombic phases and the combinatory effects of soft and hard doping of Mn ions, the ceramic with x = 0.25 exhibits the optimum piezoelectric properties (d 33 = 306 pC/N and k p = 42.2 %, respectively). Excess MnO2 inhibits the grain growth and degrades the ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of the ceramics. Sintering temperature has an important influence on the microstructure, tetragonal–orthorhombic phase transition near 40 °C, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of the ceramics. The increase in sintering temperature leads to large grains and more noticeable tetragonal–orthorhombic phase transition near 40 °C, enhances ferroelectricity and thus improves effectively the piezoelectricity of the ceramics. The Ba0.85Ca0.15Ti0.90Zr0.10O3 ceramic sintered at 1350 °C possesses the optimum piezoelectric constant d 33 value of 373 pC/N.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the projects of Education Department of Sichuan Province (11ZA104), Science and Technology Bureau of Sichuan Province (2010JQ0046) and the Open Projects of State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Nonmetal Composites and Functional Materials of Southwest University of Science and Technology (10zxfk27) and State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (KFJJ201108).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Chemistry and Materials Science, and Visual Computing and Virtual Reality Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610066, China

    Meng Jiang, Qin Lin, Dunmin Lin, Qiaoji Zheng, Ximing Fan, Xiaochun Wu, Hailing Sun & Yang Wan

  2. State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Nonmetal Composites and Functional Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China

    Lang Wu

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  1. Meng Jiang
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Correspondence to Dunmin Lin or Qiaoji Zheng.

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Jiang, M., Lin, Q., Lin, D. et al. Effects of MnO2 and sintering temperature on microstructure, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties of Ba0.85Ca0.15Ti0.90Zr0.10O3 lead-free ceramics. J Mater Sci 48, 1035–1041 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-012-6835-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-012-6835-y

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