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Physicochemical and structural characterisation of marine algae Kappaphycus alvarezii and the ability of its dietary fibres to bind mutagenic amines

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Abstract

The physicochemical and structural characteristics of the bioactive components of the marine algae, Kappaphycus alvarezii, were determined, and the ability of its dietary fibres to bind mutagens is reported. Swelling capacity (15.0 mL g−1) and water retention capacity (10.4 g g−1) were observed to be high and were influenced by dietary fibre fraction. Presence of sulphur is a unique characteristic of the marine dietary fibre. Insoluble fraction contained galactose (29.9 %) and glucose (21.1 %), and high Klason lignin (10.6 g (100 g)−1); whereas, galactose formed the single monomeric unit in the soluble fractions. Binding of mutagenic amines, benzo alpha pyrene (BαP) and 3-amino-1-methyl-pyrido(4,3-b)indole (Trp-P-2) to insoluble fraction were comparatively high, while soluble fraction showed greater binding to BαP and 2-amino-9H-pyrido(2,3-b)indole (AαC). The hydrophilic-lipophilic partition coefficient (Log P) and the polar surface area of the amines were positively and negatively correlated to the dietary fibre components, respectively. Klason lignin content significantly affected the binding capacity. A statistically significant multi-linear model was developed relating these properties to the binding capacity. Chemical analysis also indicated high amounts of amino acids, tyrosine and arginine (2.6 and 1.5 g (100 g)−1, respectively), and polyunsaturated fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid (13.6 %). The current study indicates the uniqueness of the marine algae as valuable food and dietary supplement.

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Acknowledgments

MR acknowledges Women Scientist Scheme-A (SR/WOS-A/LS-459/2011), Department of Science and Technology, Government of India for the financial support, Sea6 Energy for providing the raw material and Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility for the analytical facility. Ms. Anju V. Nair, Mr. Sneh Badle, Mr. Sathyanarayanan and Mr. Kabilan are also acknowledged.

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  1. Bioengineering and Drug Design Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Chennai, 600 036, Tamil Nadu, India

    Maya Raman & Mukesh Doble

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  1. Maya Raman
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  2. Mukesh Doble
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Correspondence to Mukesh Doble.

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Raman, M., Doble, M. Physicochemical and structural characterisation of marine algae Kappaphycus alvarezii and the ability of its dietary fibres to bind mutagenic amines. J Appl Phycol 26, 2183–2191 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-014-0241-6

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