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Moringa rivae leaf extracts attenuate Complete Freund’s adjuvant-induced arthritis in Wistar rats via modulation of inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers

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A Correction to this article was published on 04 September 2019

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Abstract

Moringa rivae is widely used as a traditional remedy against arthritis. The present research was designed to evaluate the anti-arthritic potential of Moringa rivae extracts. Treatment of rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis with methanolic and aqueous extracts of M. rivae (150, 300 or 600 mg/kg), and piroxicam (10 mg/kg) was started orally at day 8 post-administration of complete Freund’s adjuvant and continued till 28th day. The therapeutic effect of the plant extracts was assessed in arthritic rats by arthritic index, body weight, and haematological and biochemical parameters. Furthermore, the modulatory effect on gene expression (I-κB, IL-4 and IL-10, COX-2, IL-1β and IL-6, NF-κB, and TNF-α) in the blood was determined using qRT-PCR, while ELISA assay was used to find PGE2 and TNF-α concentrations in the serum. Oxidative stress parameters in the liver and ankle joint histopathology were also evaluated. Moreover, the most effective methanolic extract was further characterized by GC–MS for the presence of phytochemicals. Treatment with the plant extracts significantly restored arthritic index, change in the body weight and immune organ weight, and the histopathological indices. Both extracts significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the serum concentration of rheumatoid factor, C-reactive protein, PGE2, and TNF-α in arthritic rats. The extracts persuasively down-regulated the COX-2, PGE2, IL-1β, IL-6, NF-κB, and TNF-α, and up-regulated the mRNA expression of I-κB, IL-4, and IL-10. Both extracts increased the activities of CAT and SOD while reducing the formation of MDA in a dose- dependent manner in the liver. Histopathological evaluation showed that treatment with the plant extracts significantly (p < 0.05) reduced joint inflammation, pannus formation, and bone erosion in treatment groups in comparison to arthritic control. Phytochemicals detected by GC–MS in the methanolic extract included esters, alcohols, ketones, fatty acids, and vitamin E. These findings provide evidence of the anti-arthritic potential of M. rivae extracts in chronic polyarthritis model.

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Change history

  • 04 September 2019

    In our article entitled “<Emphasis Type="Italic">Moringa rivae</Emphasis> leaf extracts attenuate Complete Freund’s adjuvant-induced arthritis in Wistar rats via modulation of inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers”, we described the anti-arthritic effects of the plant leaves from Pakistan that we referred to as <Emphasis Type="Italic">Moringa rivae</Emphasis> (Saleem et al. 2019). Unfortunately, the identity of the plant material was incorrect. In fact, the plant leaves under study were later identified as belonging to wild type <Emphasis Type="Italic">Moringa oleifera</Emphasis> Lam. rather than <Emphasis Type="Italic">Moringa rivae</Emphasis> Chiov.

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Acknowledgements

This research work did not acquire any funding support from the public sector or private sector. We are grateful to the Department of Pharmacology and Department of Immunology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan, for providing technical facilities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Ammara Saleem & Mohammad Saleem

  2. Department of Pharmacology, University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan

    Mohammad Saleem

  3. Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan

    Muhammad Furqan Akhtar

  4. Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan

    Muhammad Shahzad

  5. Department of Immunology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan

    Shah Jahan

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  1. Ammara Saleem
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  2. Mohammad Saleem
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  5. Shah Jahan
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Correspondence to Ammara Saleem or Mohammad Saleem.

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Saleem, A., Saleem, M., Akhtar, M.F. et al. Moringa rivae leaf extracts attenuate Complete Freund’s adjuvant-induced arthritis in Wistar rats via modulation of inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers. Inflammopharmacol 28, 139–151 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-019-00596-3

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