Abstract
Copper deficiency inactivates Cu/Zn-SOD and promotes accumulation of reactive oxygen species. This process likely impairs nitric oxide (NO)-mediated relaxation as well as triggers vascular inflammation. The current study was designed to determine whether COX-2, a proinflammatory protein, expression and activity are upregulated in the oxidative environment associated with inadequate Cu. Weanling male Sprague Dawley rats were fed purified diets which were either Cu-adequate (Cu-A); Cu-marginal (Cu-M), Cu-deficient (Cu-D), or the Cu-D diet combined with the SOD mimetic Tempol (Cu-D/T; 1 mM in drinking water) for 4 weeks. COX-2 protein, PGE2 (COX-2 metabolite) and isoprostanes (index of oxidative stress) were all higher in the Cu-D group vs Cu-A group, but no significant differences occurred between the Cu-M and Cu-A groups. Tempol protected against an attenuation of NO-mediated vasodilation in the Cu-D rats but did not prevent the elevation of PGE2 or isoprostanes. Our data suggest a role for copper as a modulator of oxidative stress and inflammation independent of SOD activity or NO-derived oxidants.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Sharon Gordon for her expert technical assistance. This study was supported by National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Grant DK-55030. The US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Northern Plains Area, is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer, and all agency services are available without discrimination.
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Schuschke, D.A., Adeagbo, A.S.O., Patibandla, P.K. et al. Cyclooxygenase-2 is Upregulated in Copper-Deficient Rats. Inflammation 32, 333–339 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-009-9140-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-009-9140-4