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Animal models of insulin resistance and heart failure

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Abstract

The incidence of heart failure (HF) and diabetes mellitus is rapidly increasing and is associated with poor prognosis. In spite of the advances in therapy, HF remains a major health problem with high morbidity and mortality. When HF and diabetes coexist, clinical outcomes are significantly worse. The relationship between these two conditions has been studied in various experimental models. However, the mechanisms for this interrelationship are complex, incompletely understood, and have become a matter of considerable clinical and research interest. There are only few animal models that manifest both HF and diabetes. However, the translation of results from these models to human disease is limited, and new models are needed to expand our current understanding of this clinical interaction. In this review, we discuss mechanisms of insulin signaling and insulin resistance, the clinical association between insulin resistance and HF, and its proposed pathophysiologic mechanisms. Finally, we discuss available animal models of insulin resistance and HF and propose requirements for future new models.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported in part by research grant from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute PO1 HL074237-09.

Conflict of interest

Dr. Sabbah has received research grants from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (PO1 HL074237-09). He is also the co-editor-in-chief of the Heart Failure Reviews. Drs. Velez and Kohli have no financial ties to disclose.

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  1. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA

    Mauricio Velez, Smita Kohli & Hani N. Sabbah

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  1. Mauricio Velez
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  2. Smita Kohli
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  3. Hani N. Sabbah
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Correspondence to Hani N. Sabbah.

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Velez, M., Kohli, S. & Sabbah, H.N. Animal models of insulin resistance and heart failure. Heart Fail Rev 19, 1–13 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10741-013-9387-6

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