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Changes of transcriptome and proteome are associated with the enhanced post-anthesis high temperature tolerance induced by pre-anthesis heat priming in wheat

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Abstract

This study was to explore the mechanism of the enhanced tolerance to post-anthesis high temperature stress induced by pre-anthesis heat priming in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Genome-wide gene expression profiles by Affymetrix Wheat Genome Chip and proteome analysis by 2D electrophoresis and MALDI TOF/TOF were performed in the leaf after pre-anthesis heat priming and post-anthesis high temperature stress. Physiological analyses indicated that primed plants showed higher rates of photosynthesis, activities of antioxidant enzymes and lower cell membrane oxidative damage, suggesting a less high temperature damage in the primed plants. 88 gene probes and 8 protein spots were regulated after both pre-anthesis heat priming and post-anthesis high temperature stress, and the probes and proteins were expressed differently in primed plants from those in non-primed plants. Transcriptome and proteome analyses revealed up-regulation of the genes that encoded sensing and signaling, heat shock proteins, redox homeostasis, and down-regulation of the genes that encoded metabolism. The up-regulation and down-regulation might play protective roles in coping with the post-anthesis high temperature stress in the pre-anthesis heat primed plants compared with non-primed plants. It is concluded that pre-anthesis heat priming could initiate the acclimation responses at both transcriptome and proteome levels for enhancing heat tolerance at later stages in wheat plants. These results are of primary importance for understanding the effects of multi-heat stress on production of wheat crops in future climate change scenarios.

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Abbreviations

DAA:

Days after anthesis

Gs:

Stomatal conductance

HSP:

Heat shock protein

IEF:

Isoelectricfocusing

IPG:

Immobilized pH gradient

MDA:

Malonildialdehyde

PAR:

Photosynthetically active radiation

POD:

Peroxidase

Pn:

Photosynthetic rate

RCA:

Rubisco activase

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by projects of PAPD, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31325020, 31401326, 31471445, 31171484), the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (20120097110026), the China Agriculture Research System (CARS-03), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (KJQN201505), the Collaborative Innovation Center of Crop Gene Resources, the Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, the National Non-profit Program by Ministry of Agriculture (2014039). We thank Prof. Fei-rong Gu for the language editing of this manuscript.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. National Technology Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production/National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China

      Caiyun Xin, Xiao Wang, Jian Cai, Qin Zhou, Tingbo Dai, Weixing Cao & Dong Jiang

    2. Department of Agriculture and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegaard Allé 13, 2630, Taastrup, Denmark

      Fulai Liu

    3. Rice Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tai’an, People’s Republic of China

      Caiyun Xin

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    1. Caiyun Xin
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    Correspondence to Qin Zhou or Dong Jiang.

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    Caiyun Xin and Xiao Wang have equally contributed to this work.

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    Xin, C., Wang, X., Cai, J. et al. Changes of transcriptome and proteome are associated with the enhanced post-anthesis high temperature tolerance induced by pre-anthesis heat priming in wheat. Plant Growth Regul 79, 135–145 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-015-0119-x

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