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Karyotypic differentiation via 2n reduction and a finding of a case of triploidy in anurans of the genus Engystomops (Anura, Leiuperidae)

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Abstract

The genus Engystomops is divided into two groups, namely the Duovox clade and the Edentulus clade. The species of Edentulus clade have karyotypes with 2n = 22, while E. pustulatus and E. puyango, which belong to Duovox clade, have 2n = 20. To investigate if 2n = 20 is a synapomorphy of Duovox clade, we cytogenetically analyzed all the species of this group, except for E. puyango, in the present study. All of them had 2n = 20, differing from the species of Edentulus clade. Since the species already karyotyped of the genus Physalaemus, which is considered to be the sister group of Engystomops, also have 2n = 22, we conclude that the 2n reduction is a synapomorphy of Duovox clade. Despite the karyotypes of all the species of Duovox clade were very similar, they varied in the NOR pattern. In E. coloradorum, an additional NOR was found in one homologue of the chromosome pair 10 exclusively in all females, indicating that this could possibly be a sexual pair of the ZZ/ZW system. Also in this species, it was found the first case of natural polyploidy of the genus Engystomops.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge Dr. Santiago R. Ron for identification of the specimens, and Diego Almeida Reinoso, Margarita Baquero, and Ailin Blasco for helping in the field work. This work was supported by the Brazilian agencies FAPESP (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo) and Capes (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior), and the Ecuadorian agencies SENESCYT (Secretaría Nacional de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología y Innovación and PUCE (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador).

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  1. Department of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of Campinas—UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, 13083-863, Brazil

    C. P. Targueta & L. B. Lourenço

  2. Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontifícia Universidad Católica Del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador

    M. Rivera

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  1. C. P. Targueta
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  2. M. Rivera
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  3. L. B. Lourenço
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Correspondence to L. B. Lourenço.

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Targueta, C.P., Rivera, M. & Lourenço, L.B. Karyotypic differentiation via 2n reduction and a finding of a case of triploidy in anurans of the genus Engystomops (Anura, Leiuperidae). Genetica 139, 1339–1347 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10709-012-9636-y

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