Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A Study on Seismic Performance and Fragility of Gravity Dams with Various Monolith Shapes Using Nonlinear IDA

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Geotechnical and Geological Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Vulnerability assessment of gravity dams against destructive phenomena such as earthquakes is important. Vulnerability assessment and prediction of dam’s damage due to earthquakes with variety of intensities can provide helpful information that would be very useful and effective in the proper management of probable crises. One of the useful tools in assessing earthquake damage of concrete dams is the production of their fragility curves. Due to the vulnerability of concrete dams to tensile cracking, a new concept of damage index according to tensile cracking has been developed. Because of dependency of fragility curves to limit states of engineering demand parameters, limit states have been defined according to tensile cracking in dams. Studies on the production of fragility curves of concrete gravity dams are very limited and mostly not comprehensive in a way fragility curve are normally produced only for one type of dam or with one height and one configuration. In this paper, fragility curves have been generated for three gravity dams with different base width (L) and height (H), i.e. Pine Flat dam (United States), Koyna dam (India) and Shafarood dam (Iran). It was shown that Shafarood dam with (L/H) ratio equals to one has better performances under seismic excitation than Pine Flat and Koyna dams that their (L/H) ratios are 0.8, 0.7, respectively.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Akpinar U, Binici B, Arici Y (2014) Earthquake stresses and effective damping in concrete gravity dams. Earthq Struct 6(3):251–266

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alembagheri M, Ghaemian M (2013a) Seismic assessment of concrete gravity dams using capacity estimation and damage indexes. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 42(1):123–144

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alembagheri M, Ghaemian M (2013b) Damage assessment of a concrete arch dam through nonlinear incremental dynamic analysis. Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 44:127–137

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ansari MI, Agarwal P (2016) Categorization of damage index of concrete gravity dam for the health monitoring after earthquake. J Earthq Eng 20(8):1222–1238

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arabshahi H, Lotfi V (2008) Earthquake response of concrete gravity dams including dam–foundation interface nonlinearities. Eng Struct 30(11):3065–3073

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baker JW (2015) Efficient analytical fragility function fitting using dynamic structural analysis. Earthq Spectra 31(1):579–599

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bazzurro P, Cornell CA, Menun C, Luco N, Motahari M (2004) Advanced seismic assessment guidelines. Report for Pacific gas and electric-PEER lifelines program, task

  • Calayir Y, Dumanoğlu AA, Bayraktar A (1996) Earthquake analysis of gravity dam–reservoir systems using the Eulerian and Lagrangian approaches. Comput Struct 59:877–890

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Calvi GM, Kingsley GR (1995) Displacement-based seismic design of multi-degree-of-freedom bridge structures. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 24(9):1247–1266

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dimova SL, Hirata K (2000) Simplified seismic fragility analysis of structures with two types of friction devices. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 29(8):1153–1175

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elenas A, Meskouris K (2001) Correlation study between seismic acceleration parameters and damage indices of structures. Eng Struct 23(6):698–704

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • FEMA (2003) NEHRP recommended provisions for seismic regulations for new buildings and other structures (FEMA 450). National earthquake hazards reduction program, part 1: PROVISIONS. Prepared by the Building Seismic Safety Council for the Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington, DC, USA

  • Fenves G, Chopra AK (1984) Earthquake analysis of concrete gravity dams including reservoir bottom absorption and dam–water–foundation rock interaction. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 12(5):663–680

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ganji HT, Alembagheri M, Khaneghahi MH (2019) Evaluation of seismic reliability of gravity dam–reservoir in homogeneous foundation coupled system. Front Struct Civ Eng 13(3):701–715

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gavabar SG, Alembagheri M (2018) Structural demand hazard analysis of jointed gravity dam in view of earthquake uncertainty. KSCE J Civ Eng 22(10):3972–3979

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ghanaat Y, Patev R, Chudgar A (2015) Seismic fragility for risk assessment of concrete gravity dams. In: Proceeding of the USSD annual conference, pp 645–660

  • Ghobarah A, Abou-Elfath H, Biddah A (1999) Response-based damage assessment of structures. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 28(1):79–104

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hariri MA, Saouma VE (2016) Probabilistic seismic demand model and optimal intensity measure for concrete dams. Struct Saf 59:67–85

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hariri-Ardebili MA, Saouma VE (2016) Collapse fragility curves for concrete dams: comprehensive study. J Struct Eng 142(10):04016075

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Inaudi JA, Matheu EE, Poeppelman RL, Matusevich A (2005) Foundation flexibility effects on the seismic response of concrete gravity dams. In: 37th joint meeting UJNR panel on wind and seismic effects. Tsukuba, Japan, pp 16–20

  • International Commission on Large Dams (2016) Selecting seismic parameters for large dams—guidelines. ICOLD bulletin 148.

  • Karim KR, Yamazaki F (2003) A simplified method of constructing fragility curves for highway bridges. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 32(10):1603–1626

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Khosravi S, Heydari MM (2014) Design and modal analysis of gravity dams by ANSYS parametric design language. Walailak J Sci Technol (WJST) 12(2):167–180

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee J, Fenves GL (1998) A plastic-damage concrete model for earthquake analysis of dams. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 27:937–956

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lotfi V, Samii A (2012) Dynamic analysis of concrete gravity dam–reservoir systems by wavenumber approach in the frequency domain. Earthq Struct 3(3–4):533–548

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lupoi A, Callari C (2011) The role of probabilistic methods in evaluating the seismic risk of concrete dams. In: Dolšek M (ed) Protection of built environment against earthquakes. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 309–329

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Mohammadnezhad H, Ghaemian M, Noorzad A (2019) Seismic analysis of dam–foundation–reservoir system including the effects of foundation mass and radiation damping. Earthq Eng Eng Vib 18(1):203–218

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mridha S, Maity D (2014) Experimental investigation on nonlinear dynamic response of concrete gravity dam–reservoir system. Eng Struct 80:289–297

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Park YJ, Ang AH (1985) Mechanistic seismic damage model for reinforced concrete. J Struct Eng 111(4):722–739

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • PEER (Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center) (2014) Ground motion database. CA

  • Porter KA, Kiremidjian AS (2000) Assembly-based vulnerability of buildings and its uses in seismic performance evaluation and risk-management decision-making. SPA Risk LLC, Denver

    Google Scholar 

  • Sevim B (2018) Geometrical dimensions effects on the seismic response of concrete gravity dams. Adv Concr Constr 6(3):269–283

    Google Scholar 

  • Shinozuka M, Feng MQ, Lee J, Naganuma T (2000) Statistical analysis of fragility curves. J Eng Mech 126(12):1224–1231

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shinozuka M, Feng MQ, Kim HK, Kim SH (2000) Nonlinear static procedure for fragility curve development. J Eng Mech 126(12):1287–1295

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smyth AW, Deodatis G, Franco G, He Y, Gurvich T (2004) Evaluating earthquake retrofitting measures for schools: a cost-benefit analysis. In: Rodrigue C, Rovai E (eds) School safety and security: keeping schools safe in earthquakes, vol 4. Routledge, London, pp 208–216

    Google Scholar 

  • Sotoudeh P, Ghaemian M, Mohammadnezhad H (2019) Seismic analysis of reservoir-gravity dam-massed layered foundation system due to vertically propagating earthquake. Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 116:174–184

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tekie PB, Ellingwood BR (2003) Seismic fragility assessment of concrete gravity dams. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 32(14):2221–2240

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vamvatsikos D, Cornell CA (2002) Incremental dynamic analysis. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 31(3):491–514

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vamvatsikos D, Cornell CA (2004) Applied incremental dynamic analysis. Earthq Spectra 20(2):523–553

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vamvatsikos D, Fragiadakis M (2010) Incremental dynamic analysis for estimating seismic performance sensitivity and uncertainty. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 39(2):141–163

    Google Scholar 

  • Yazdani Y, Alembagheri M (2017a) Seismic vulnerability of gravity dams in near-fault areas. Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 102:15–24

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yazdani Y, Alembagheri M (2017b) Nonlinear seismic response of a gravity dam under near-fault ground motions and equivalent pulses. Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 92:621–632

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang S, Wang G, Sa W (2013) Damage evaluation of concrete gravity dams under mainshock–aftershock seismic sequences. Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 50:16–27

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

    S. G. Gavabar

  2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

    M. Alembagheri

  3. Centre for Infrastructure Engineering, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia

    M. Alembagheri

Authors
  1. S. G. Gavabar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. M. Alembagheri
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. Alembagheri.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Gavabar, S.G., Alembagheri, M. A Study on Seismic Performance and Fragility of Gravity Dams with Various Monolith Shapes Using Nonlinear IDA. Geotech Geol Eng 38, 1133–1150 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-019-01077-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-019-01077-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation