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The Híbrido de Timor germplasm: identification of molecular diversity and resistance sources to coffee berry disease and leaf rust

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Abstract

The main phytosanitary problems affecting global coffee production are the fungal diseases known as rust, caused by Hemileia vastatrix Berkeley and Broome, and coffee berry disease (CBD), induced by Colletotrichum kahawae Waller and Bridge. The main disease control strategy is the use of resistant coffee cultivars. Híbrido de Timor is the most important source of resistant varieties used in breeding programs worldwide. The objective of this work was to characterize the diversity and disease resistance of 152 HdT genotypes from the germplasm collection at the Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV). Accessions were phenotyped with H. vastatrix races II and XXXIII. Molecular analysis was carried out with 29 random microsatellite markers or single sequence repeats (SSRs), and two SSRs associated with the CBD resistance gene Ck-1. All accessions in the germplasm collection were resistant to H. vastatrix race II, and 141 were resistant to H. vastatrix race XXXIII. Based on the presence of markers, there were 106 accessions containing the CBD resistance gene Ck-1. In the diversity study, the 152 accessions clustered into 21 different groups. A unique molecular profile (fingerprint) was determined for each individual, using 52 alleles from 22 SSR markers. The HdT germplasm of UFV was highly diverse, and included 99 accessions with multiple disease resistance genes, including the CBD resistance gene Ck-1, and others conferring resistance to H. vastatrix races II and XXXIII.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the Consórcio Brasileiro de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento do Café–CBP&D/Café, Fundação de Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais–FAPEMIG, Conselho Nacional de Pesquisas–CNPq and Instituto Nacional de Ciência de Tecnologia -INCT Café. The authors gratefully acknowledge CIFC for providing the HdT accession.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Phytopathology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil

    R. A. Silva & L. Zambolim

  2. Instituto de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agropecuária (BIOAGRO), Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    R. A. Silva, L. Zambolim, I. S. L. Castro, H. S. Rodrigues, C. D. Cruz & E. T. Caixeta

  3. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Café, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil

    E. T. Caixeta

  4. Department of Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil

    C. D. Cruz

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  1. R. A. Silva
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Correspondence to E. T. Caixeta.

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Silva, R.A., Zambolim, L., Castro, I.S.L. et al. The Híbrido de Timor germplasm: identification of molecular diversity and resistance sources to coffee berry disease and leaf rust. Euphytica 214, 153 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-018-2231-2

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