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Pleiotropic effects of the elongated glume gene P1 on grain and spikelet shape-related traits in tetraploid wheat

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Abstract

Wheat grain size and shape are associated not only with yield but also with product and milling quality. A subspecies of cultivated tetraploid wheat, Triticum turgidum ssp. polonicum, is characterized by elongated glumes. To elucidate morphological effects of the subspecies differentiation-related gene, we conducted QTL analysis for grain and spikelet shape using a mapping population between two tetraploid wheat subspecies, polonicum and durum. P1, the gene controlling the elongated glumes, was located on chromosome 7A, and the polonicum-type allele acted in an incomplete dominance manner to express the elongated glume phenotype. The polonicum allele of the P1 locus significantly affected not only glume length but also grain shape, spike shape, awn length and seed fertility in tetraploid wheat. The elongated glume phenotype was correlated with an increase in spike length, grain length and grain weight, and with a decrease in fertility, grain number and awn length. Thus, the subspecies differentiation-related gene in subspecies polonicum dramatically affects grain shape accompanied by alteration of spikelet shape in tetraploid wheat.

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Acknowledgments

Seeds of two tetraploid wheat accessions, KU-9894 and KU-9882, were supplied by the National BioResource Project-Wheat, Japan (http://www.shigen.nig.ac.jp/wheat/komugi/top/top.jsp). Seeds of LD222 and its NIL (ANW5A) were supplied by Dr. N. Watanabe. We are grateful to Dr. T. Kawahara of Kyoto University for valuable advice for the subspecies taxonomy. This work was financially supported by a grant from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) No. 21380005).

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  1. Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan

    Yuki Okamoto & Shigeo Takumi

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  1. Yuki Okamoto
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  2. Shigeo Takumi
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Correspondence to Shigeo Takumi.

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Okamoto, Y., Takumi, S. Pleiotropic effects of the elongated glume gene P1 on grain and spikelet shape-related traits in tetraploid wheat. Euphytica 194, 207–218 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-013-0916-0

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