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Influence of climate-induced disasters and climatic variability on cropping pattern and crop production in Bangladesh

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Abstract

The southern part of Bangladesh is one of the most affected regions facing the devastating impacts of climate change particularly in case of crop production. Impacts of climate-induced disasters and climatic variability on cropping pattern and crop production in Satkhira district have been studied. Thirty-five year (1980–2014) climatic data (temperature, humidity, and rainfall) were used for seasonal (Kharif-I, Kharif-II, and Robi) trend analysis. It has been identified that the cropping pattern needed to be modified by local farmers due to climate change impacts and crop production has declined severely in the study areas. For instance, in the Kharif-II season, during the period 2008–2009 with an agricultural land area of 13,670 hectares, the average production was only 2.58 mt per hectare. The study shows a significant strong positive correlation between seasonal average rainfall and seasonal average humidity (r = 0.75, p < 0.05) during the Robi season. A significant strong negative correlation between seasonal average temperature and seasonal average humidity (r = − 0.60, p < 0.05) during the Kharif-I season was also found. We suggest some adaptation strategies to cope with the changing condition such as increased use of salt- and flood-tolerant varieties, floating bed vegetable cultivation, and dyke cropping system (mainly for vegetable), which can eventually reduce vulnerabilities and increase food security.

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Acknowledgements

The authors sincerely thank the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), the People’s Republic of Bangladesh for financial support and gratefully acknowledge the Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD) for providing climatic data as well as the Agricultural Extension Office (AEO) of Kolaroa and Assasuni Upazila for providing us the crop production data.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh

    Md. Shafiqul Islam, Shimul Roy, Rezuana Afrin & Md. Younus Mia

  2. School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China

    Shimul Roy

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  1. Md. Shafiqul Islam
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Correspondence to Shimul Roy.

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Islam, M.S., Roy, S., Afrin, R. et al. Influence of climate-induced disasters and climatic variability on cropping pattern and crop production in Bangladesh. Environ Dev Sustain 22, 6709–6726 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-019-00510-5

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