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Numerical simulations of heavily polluted fine-grained sediment remobilization using 1D, 1D+, and 2D channel schematization

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Abstract

This article used various hydrodynamic and sediment transport models to analyze the potential and the limits of different channel schematizations. The main aim was to select and evaluate the most suitable simulation method for fine-grained sediment remobilization assessment. Three types of channel schematization were selected to study the flow potential for remobilizing fine-grained sediment in artificially modified channels. Schematization with a 1D cross-sectional horizontal plan, a 1D+ approach, splitting the riverbed into different functional zones, and full 2D mesh, adopted in MIKE by the DHI modeling suite, was applied to the study. For the case study, a 55-km stretch of the Bílina River, in the Czech Republic, Central Europe, which has been heavily polluted by the chemical and coal mining industry since the mid-twentieth century, was selected. Long-term exposure to direct emissions of toxic pollutants including heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) resulted in deposits of pollutants in fine-grained sediments in the riverbed. Simulations, based on three hydrodynamic model schematizations, proved that for events not exceeding the extent of the riverbed profile, the 1D schematization can provide comparable results to a 2D model. The 1D+ schematization can improve accuracy while keeping the benefits of high-speed simulation and low requirements of input DEM data, but the method’s suitability is limited by the channel properties.

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Acknowledgments

This study was conducted as part of the ELSA project 2/UPS-I/547.30 SedBiLa - Bedeutung der Bilina als historische und aktuelle Schadstoffquelle für das Sedimentmanagement im Einzugsgebiet der Elbe, coordinated by the International Commission for the Protection of the Elbe River (ICPER). The research presented in this paper was supported by Czech Science Foundation project GAČR P209/12/0997. The first author thanks DHI a.s. for providing software support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 6, Prague 2, 128 43, Czech Republic

    Jana Kaiglová, Jakub Langhammer, Bohumír Janský & Dagmar Chalupová

  2. DHI a.s., Prague, Czech Republic

    Jana Kaiglová & Petr Jiřinec

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  1. Jana Kaiglová
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  2. Jakub Langhammer
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  5. Dagmar Chalupová
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Correspondence to Jakub Langhammer.

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Kaiglová, J., Langhammer, J., Jiřinec, P. et al. Numerical simulations of heavily polluted fine-grained sediment remobilization using 1D, 1D+, and 2D channel schematization. Environ Monit Assess 187, 115 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-015-4339-3

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