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Improving the attachment and proliferation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on modified polystyrene by nitrogen-containing plasma

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Abstract

Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) are important alternative source of pluripotent cells for several therapeutic purposes. Understanding of adhesion properties of such cells is necessary to regulate the attachment, growth and proliferation on targeted culture surfaces. BCP-K1, a line of WJMSCs, and polystyrene (PS) culture dishes were used as membrane samples. A 13.56 MHz inductively coupled discharge plasma reactor with a mixture of N-containing gas and noble gas was used. This was expected to introduce the more hydrophilic groups on PS surface and enhance the cell adhesion. The plasma-treated PS dishes with the mixed gas of N2 + He at 50 W and NH3 + He at 100 W were reactive towards BCP-K1. Cellular adhesion and proliferation was significantly twice as efficient on the treated surfaces than on PS dishes. BCP-K1 also secreted more focal adhesion kinase to adhere and proliferate when cultured on N2-treated PS dishes than on the NH3-treated PS dishes. Stable stemness markers were detected, including CD105, CD9 and SSEA-4, expressed on BCP-K1 growing on the modified PS dish surfaces, during 7 days of culturing. The presence of –NH2 groups on the PS dish surface were revealed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. A large amount of oxygen- and nitrogen-containing functional groups, up to 9.0 %, were introduced by NH3 plasma and N2 plasma. The functional groups introduced on to the PS surfaces were clearly the key factors which enhanced WJMSCs attachment and stemness stability.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the National Research University (NRU) Project under Thailand’s Office of the Higher Education Commission (OHEC), the Graduate School Chiang Mai University and Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics (ThEP) for financial and scholarship support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huaykaew Rd., Muang, 50200, Thailand

    Somruthai Tunma & Kewalin Inthanon

  2. Materials Science Research Center (MSRC) Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huaykaew Rd., Muang, 50200, Thailand

    Somruthai Tunma, Jantrawan Pumchusak & Dheerawan Boonyawan

  3. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huaykaew Rd., Muang, 50200, Thailand

    Kewalin Inthanon & Weerah Wongkham

  4. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huaykaew Rd., Muang, 50200, Thailand

    Chanokporn Chaiwong & Dheerawan Boonyawan

  5. Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huaykaew Rd., Muang, 50200, Thailand

    Jantrawan Pumchusak

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  1. Somruthai Tunma
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Correspondence to Weerah Wongkham.

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Tunma, S., Inthanon, K., Chaiwong, C. et al. Improving the attachment and proliferation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on modified polystyrene by nitrogen-containing plasma. Cytotechnology 65, 119–134 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10616-012-9467-9

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