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Genetic evidence of recent migration among isolated-by-sea populations of the freshwater blenny (Salaria fluviatilis)

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Abstract

Genetic diversity is the raw material for evolutionary change, so a species’ capacity to maintain its genetic diversity is a major concern in conservation genetics. Although genetic diversity within a population is reduced through time by genetic drift, gene flow among populations can act to recover or add new genetic variants. The goal of this study was to infer potential connectivity among isolated-by-sea populations of the vulnerable freshwater blenny (Salaria fluviatilis) and to determine if gene flow could contribute to maintaining genetic diversity in connected populations. Four genetic clusters (one small at the North, one large at the South for both East and West coasts) were detected with different clustering methods (FLOCK, STUCTURE, UPGMA, AMOVA). The two larger genetic clusters with higher migration-rate estimates among localities had higher genetic diversity and allelic richness and lower relatedness between individuals, compared to isolated localities found in smaller clusters. Our results also suggest that sea currents may facilitate fish movements among neighbouring rivers. Overall, gene flow among isolated-by-sea but close rivers could maintain the evolutionary potential of freshwater blenny populations. This finding should be considered when elaborating a conservation program for this species.

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Acknowledgments

We thank A. Kusler, B.J.G. Sutherland and L. Devine for comments on earlier versions of this paper as well as J. Mattei, C. Albertini, O. Deroche, D. Giorgi, A. Ottavi, L. Torre, S. Lefebvre, J.-P. Bernier and J.-C. Raymond from the Office National de l’Eau et des Milieux Aquatiques (ONEMA); P.-J. D’Agostini and J. Canal from the Fédération de la Corse pour la Pêche et la Protection des Milieux Aquatiques (FCPPMA); M. De-Basquiat and J. Roussilhes from the Direction Régionale de l’Environnement de l’Aménagement et du Logement de la Corse (DREAL—CORSE); and F. Justy for their invaluable logistical support. M. Laporte was supported by a post-graduate fellowship from the Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies (FQRNT). C. Perrier was supported by a post-graduate fellowship from the Ressources Aquatique Québec (RAQ). This research received financial support from DREAL–Corsica and grants from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, the Canada Research Chair program, and the Basler Stiftung für biologische Forschung to P. Magnan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut des Sciences de l’Évolution, UMR 5554 UM2-CNRS-IRD, Université de Montpellier, CC065, Place E. Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France

    Martin Laporte & Patrick Berrebi

  2. Département de Biologie, Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada

    Martin Laporte & Charles Perrier

  3. Centre de recherche sur les interactions bassins versants – écosystèmes aquatiques (RIVE) Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières, Québec, G9A 5H7, Canada

    Pierre Magnan

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  1. Martin Laporte
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Correspondence to Martin Laporte.

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Laporte, M., Perrier, C., Magnan, P. et al. Genetic evidence of recent migration among isolated-by-sea populations of the freshwater blenny (Salaria fluviatilis). Conserv Genet 17, 389–399 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-015-0791-4

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