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Chromatin domains and the interchromatin compartment form structurally defined and functionally interacting nuclear networks

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Abstract

In spite of strong evidence that the nucleus is a highly organized organelle, a consensus on basic principles of the global nuclear architecture has not so far been achieved. The chromosome territory–interchromatin compartment (CT-IC) model postulates an IC which expands between chromatin domains both in the interior and the periphery of CT. Other models, however, dispute the existence of the IC and claim that numerous chromatin loops expand between and within CTs. The present study was undertaken to resolve these conflicting views. (1) We demonstrate that most chromatin exists in the form of higher-order chromatin domains with a compaction level at least 10 times above the level of extended 30 nm chromatin fibers. A similar compaction level was obtained in a detailed analysis of a particularly gene-dense chromosome region on HSA 11, which often expanded from its CT as a finger-like chromatin protrusion. (2) We further applied an approach which allows the experimental manipulation of both chromatin condensation and the width of IC channels in a fully reversible manner. These experiments, together with electron microscopic observations, demonstrate the existence of the IC as a dynamic, structurally distinct nuclear compartment, which is functionally linked with the chromatin compartment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology II, LMU Biozentrum, Großhaderner Straße 2, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany

    Heiner Albiez, Marion Cremer, Lothar Schermelleh, Sandra Dittrich, Katrin Küpper, Boris Joffe, Tobias Thormeyer, Heinrich Leonhardt, Irina Solovei & Thomas Cremer

  2. Centre of Electron Microscopy, University of Lausanne, 1005, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Cinzia Tiberi, Lorella Vecchio & Stanislav Fakan

  3. Kirchhoff Institute of Physics and Biophysics of Genome Structure, IPMB, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany

    Johann von Hase & Christoph Cremer

  4. Department of Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, IPMB, University of Heidelberg and DKFZ Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany

    Siwei Yang & Karl Rohr

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  1. Heiner Albiez
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  2. Marion Cremer
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Albiez, H., Cremer, M., Tiberi, C. et al. Chromatin domains and the interchromatin compartment form structurally defined and functionally interacting nuclear networks. Chromosome Res 14, 707–733 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10577-006-1086-x

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