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Differences in Diurnal Variation of Immune Responses in Microglia and Macrophages: Review and Perspectives

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Abstract

Biological rhythms, especially those that last close to 24 h, better known as circadian rhythms, are highly regulated phenomena, maintained throughout evolution in various organisms which allow organisms to predict, prepare for, and adapt to environmental changes. One of these phenomena that exhibit biological rhythms is the immune response to external agents. Immune cells (neutrophils, lymphocytes, macrophages, among others), as well as their mediators such as cytokines and chemokines, undergo variations in tissue and blood concentrations during the day. These rhythms are still being elucidated in microglia, the resident macrophages of the central nervous system, but since these cells share a common origin with peripheral macrophages, they are expected to behave similarly. In this review, we will discuss the possible differences in the responses between peripheral macrophages and microglia, their relationship with the circadian clock, and whether these rhythms can influence therapeutic choices.

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Change history

  • 10 October 2019

    The original version of this article unfortunately contained an error in the author group. The given name and family name was interchanged for the two co-authors. The author name should be Anahí Chavarría and Luz Navarro instead it was published incorrectly as Chavarría Anahí and Navarro Luz. The original article has been corrected.

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Acknowledgements

Ricardo Jesús Martínez Tapia is a doctoral student from Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) and received fellowship 594665 from CONACYT. Also, the project received support from PAPIIT: IN223417. We want to thank Editage (www.editage.com) for English language editing.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Neuroendocrinology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Coyacán, Mexico

    Ricardo J. Martínez-Tapia & Luz Navarro

  2. Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico

    Anahí Chavarría

  3. Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, División de Estudios de Posgrado, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico

    Ricardo J. Martínez-Tapia

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  1. Ricardo J. Martínez-Tapia
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  2. Anahí Chavarría
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  3. Luz Navarro
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RJMT, AC, and LN designed the paper; RJMT wrote the paper and designed the figures; and AC and LN reviewed the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Luz Navarro.

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The original version of this article was revised: The given name and family name was interchanged for the co-authors and it was corrected as Anahí Chavarría and Luz Navarro.

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Martínez-Tapia, R.J., Chavarría, A. & Navarro, L. Differences in Diurnal Variation of Immune Responses in Microglia and Macrophages: Review and Perspectives. Cell Mol Neurobiol 40, 301–309 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-019-00736-x

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