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Structural and Morphological Control in the Preparation of High Surface Area Zirconia

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Abstract

The methods for the formation of zirconia including precipitation from aqueous salts, sol–gel synthesis from zirconium alkoxides, and the templated synthesis using surfactants are described in this review. The surface areas obtained vary widely but invariably decrease upon prolonged calcination. Digestion of hydrous zirconia and incorporation of dopants such as lanthanum, yttrium, or sulfate ions can increase the surface area and thermal stability. However, these methods also affect the crystal phase of zirconia. The transformation from the metastable tetragonal to the monoclinic phase occurs during the cooling phase of calcination. Mechanisms for the stabilization of the tetragonal phase are discussed. Zirconia with well-ordered mesopores or in the form of hollow spheres can be prepared but lack thermal stability, unless doped with phosphates, silicates or sulfates.

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Acknowledgements

Financial support from the National University of Singapore under Grants nos. R-143-000-188-112 and R-143-000-329-112 is gratefully acknowledged.

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  1. Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive, 3 Kent Ridge, Singapore, 117543, Singapore

    S. Jaenicke, G. K. Chuah, V. Raju & Y. T. Nie

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  1. S. Jaenicke
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  2. G. K. Chuah
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Jaenicke, S., Chuah, G.K., Raju, V. et al. Structural and Morphological Control in the Preparation of High Surface Area Zirconia. Catal Surv Asia 12, 153–169 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10563-008-9048-2

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