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Autotaxin and LPA receptor signaling in cancer

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Abstract

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA; monoacyl-glycerol-3-phosphate) is a lipid mediator that functions as a mitogen and motility factor for many cell types. LPA signals through six specific G protein-coupled receptors, named LPA1–6, which trigger both overlapping and distinct signaling pathways. LPA is produced from extracellular lysophosphatidylcholine by a secreted lysophospholipase D, named autotaxin (ATX), originally identified as an “autocrine motility factor” for tumor cells. ATX–LPA signaling is vital for embryonic development and promotes tumor formation, angiogenesis, and experimental metastasis in mice. Elevated expression of ATX and/or aberrant expression of LPA receptors are found in several human malignancies, while loss of LPA6 function has been implicated in bladder cancer. In this review, we summarize our present understanding of ATX and LPA receptor signaling in cancer.

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Acknowledgments

Work related to this review is supported by grants from the Dutch Cancer Society and the Netherlands Organization of Pure Research. We thank Anastassis Perrakis for designing Fig. 1.

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  1. Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Anna J. S. Houben & Wouter H. Moolenaar

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Houben, A.J.S., Moolenaar, W.H. Autotaxin and LPA receptor signaling in cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev 30, 557–565 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10555-011-9319-7

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