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Acute mechanical overload increases IGF-I and MMP-9 mRNA in 3D tissue-engineered skeletal muscle

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An Erratum to this article was published on 25 March 2014

Abstract

Skeletal muscle (SkM) is a tissue that responds to mechanical load following both physiological (exercise) or pathophysiological (bed rest) conditions. The heterogeneity of human samples and the experimental and ethical limitations of animal studies provide a rationale for the study of SkM plasticity in vitro. Many current in vitro approaches of mechanical loading of SkM disregard the three-dimensional (3D) structure in vivo. Tissue engineered 3D SkM, that displays highly aligned and differentiated myotubes, was used to investigate mechano-regulated gene transcription of genes implicated in hypertrophy/atrophy. Static loading (STL) and ramp loading (RPL) at 10 % strain for 60 min were used as mechano-stimulation with constructs sampled immediately for RNA extraction. STL increased IGF-I mRNA compared to both RPL and CON (control, p = 0.003 and 0.011 respectively) whilst MMP-9 mRNA increased in STL and RPL compared to CON (both p < 0.05). IGFBP-2 mRNA was differentially regulated in RPL and STL compared to CON (p = 0.057), whilst a reduction in IGFBP-5 mRNA was found for STL and RPL compared to CON (both p < 0.05). There was no effect in the expression of putative atrophic genes, myostatin, MuRF-1 and MAFBx (all p > 0.05). These data demonstrate a transcriptional signature associated with SkM hypertrophy within a tissue-engineered model that more greatly recapitulates the in vivo SkM structure compared previously published studies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Musculoskeletal Biology Research Group, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK

    D. J. Player, N. R. W. Martin, S. L. Passey, A. P. Sharples & M. P. Lewis

  2. Stem Cells, Ageing and Molecular Physiology (SCAMP) Unit, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences (RISES), School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Tom Reilly Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool, UK

    A. P. Sharples

  3. Division of Surgery and Interventional Sciences, UCL Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, Stanmore, UK

    V. Mudera

  4. Department of Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Medical Building, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia

    S. L. Passey

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Player, D.J., Martin, N.R.W., Passey, S.L. et al. Acute mechanical overload increases IGF-I and MMP-9 mRNA in 3D tissue-engineered skeletal muscle. Biotechnol Lett 36, 1113–1124 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-014-1464-y

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