Skip to main content
Log in

A universal fixation method based on quaternary ammonium salts (RNAlater) for omics-technologies: Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a case study

  • Original Research Paper
  • Published:
Biotechnology Letters Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and fluxomics are powerful omics-technologies that play a major role in today’s research. For each of these techniques good sample quality is crucial. Major factors contributing to the quality of a sample is the actual sampling procedure itself and the way the sample is stored directly after sampling. It has already been described that RNAlater can be used to store tissues and cells in a way that the RNA quality and quantity are preserved. In this paper, we demonstrate that quaternary ammonium salts (RNAlater) are also suitable to preserve and store samples from Saccharomyces cerevisiae for later use with the four major omics-technologies. Moreover, it is shown that RNAlater also preserves the cell morphology and the potential to recover growth, permitting microscopic analysis and yeast cell culturing at a later stage.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abramoff MD, Magelhaes PJ, Ram SJ (2004) Image processing with Imagej. Biophotonics Int 11:36–42

    Google Scholar 

  • Allewell NM, Sama A (1974) The effect of ammonium sulfate on the activity of ribonuclease A. Biochim Biophys Acta 341:484–488

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bachoon DS, Chen F, Hodson RE (2001) RNA recovery and detection of mRNA by RT-PCR from preserved prokaryotic samples FEMS. Microbiol Lett 201:127–132

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barrett MT, Glogovac J, Prevo LJ, Reid BJ, Porter P, Rabinovitch PS (2002) High-quality RNA and DNA from flow cytometrically sorted human epithelial cells and tissues. Biotechniques 32:888–90, 892, 894, 896

    Google Scholar 

  • Brachmann CB, Davies A, Cost GJ, Caputo E, Li J, Hieter P, Boeke JD (1998) Designer deletion strains derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C: a useful set of strains and plasmids for PCR-mediated gene disruption and other applications. Yeast 14:115–132

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Christen S, Sauer U (2011) Intracellular characterization of aerobic glucose metabolism in seven yeast species by 13C flux analysis and metabolomics. FEMS Yeast Res 11:263–272

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dekairelle AF, Van der Vorst S, Tombal B, Gala JL (2007) Preservation of RNA for functional analysis of separated alleles in yeast: comparison of snap-frozen and RNALater solid tissue storage methods. Clin Chem Lab Med 45:1283–1287

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fraenkel-Conrat H, Olcott HS (1948) The reaction of formaldehyde with proteins; cross-linking between amino and primary amide or guanidyl groups. J Am Chem Soc 70:2673–2684

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gombert AK, Moreira dos Santos M, Christensen B, Nielsen J (2001) Network identification and flux quantification in the central metabolism of Saccharomyces cerevisiae under different conditions of glucose repression. J Bacteriol 183:1441–1451

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hammond DK, Becker J, Elliott TF, Holubee K, Baker TL, Love JE (2005) Antigenic protein in microgravity-grown human mixed Mullerian ovarian tumor (LN1) cells preserved in RNA stabilizing agent. Gravit Space Biol Bull 18:99–100

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kittang AI, Kvaloy B, Winge P, Iversen TH (2010) Ground testing of Arabidopsis preservation protocol for the microarray analysis to be used in the ISS EMCS Multigen-2 experiment. Adv Space Res 46:1249–1256

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lader ES (2001) Methods and reagents for preserving RNA in cell and tissue samples. US Patent 6(204):375

    Google Scholar 

  • Laemmli UK (1970) Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage. T4. Nature 227:680–685

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lord M, Inose F, Hiroko T, Hata T, Fujita A, Chant J (2002) Subcellular localization of Axl1, the cell type-specific regulator of polarity. Curr Biol 12:1347–1352

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Medeiros M, Sharma VK, Ding R, Yamaji K, Li B, Muthukumar T, Valderde-Rosas S, Hernandez AM, Muñoz R, Suthanthiran M (2003) Optimization of RNA yield, purity and mRNA copy number by treatment of urine cell pellets with RNAlater. J Immunol Methods 279:135–142

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Michaud CL, Foran DR (2011) Simplified field preservation of tissues for subsequent DNA analyses. J Forensic Sci 56:846–852

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mutter GL, Zahrieh D, Liu C, Neuberg D, Finkelstein D, Baker HE, Warrington JA (2004) Comparison of frozen and RNAlater solid tissue storage methods for use in RNA expression microarrays. BMC Genomics 5:88

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ottesen EA, Marin R, Preston CM, Young CR, Ryan JP, Scholin CA, Delong EF (2011) Metatranscriptomic analysis of autonomously collected and preserved marine bacterioplankton. ISME J 5:1881–1895

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Park NJ, Yu T, Nabili V, Brinkman BM, Henry S, Wang J, Wong DT (2006) RNAprotect saliva: an optimal room-temperature stabilization reagent for the salivary transcriptome. Clin Chem 52:2303–2304

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pringle JR (1991) Staining of bud scars and other cell wall chitin with calcofluor. Methods Enzymol 194:732–735

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Richert L, Boulmedais F, Lavalle P, Mutterer J, Ferreux E, Decher G, Schaaf P, Voegel JC, Picart C (2004) Improvement of stability and cell adhesion properties of polyelectrolyte multilayer films by chemical cross-linking. Biomacromolecules 5:284–294

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schroeder A, Mueller O, Stocker S, Salowsky R, Leiber M, Gassmann M, Lightfoot S, Menzel W, Granzow M, Ragg T (2006) The RIN: an RNA integrity number for assigning integrity values to RNA measurements. BMC Mol Biol 7:3

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sikulu M, Dowell KM, Hugo LE, Wirtz RA, Michel K, Peiris KH, Moore S, Killeen GF, Dowell FE (2011) Evaluating RNAlater ® as a preservative for using near-infrared spectroscopy to predict Anopheles gambiae age and species. Malar J 10:186

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sirsat SA, Muthaiyan A, Ricke SC (2011) Optimization of the RNA extraction method for transcriptome studies of Salmonella inoculated on commercial raw chicken breast samples. BMC Res Notes 4:60

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Van den Broeck F, Geldof S, Polman K, Volckaert FA, Huyse T (2011) Optimal sample storage and extraction procotols for reliable multilocus genotyping of the human parasite Schistosoma mansoni. Infect Genet Evol 11:1413–1418

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van Mulders SE, Stassen C, Daenen L, Devreese B, Siewers V, van Eijsden RG, Nielsen J, Delvaux FR, Willaert R (2011) The influence of microgravity on invasive growth in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Astrobiology 11:45–55

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Verduyn C, Postma E, Scheffers WA, Van Dijken JP (1992) Effect of benzoic acid on metabolic fluxes in yeasts: a continuous-culture study on the regulation of respiration and alcoholic fermentation. Yeast 8:501–517

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Williams MA (2010) Stabilizing the code-methods to preserve RNA prove their worth. Biomark Insights 5:139–143

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The Belgian Federal Science Policy Office, the Danish Agency for Space and Technology, and the European Space Agency (ESA) PRODEX program supported this work.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Katty V. Y. Goossens.

Additional information

Rudy G.E. van Eijsden and Catherine Stassen contributed equally to this work.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

van Eijsden, R.G.E., Stassen, C., Daenen, L. et al. A universal fixation method based on quaternary ammonium salts (RNAlater) for omics-technologies: Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a case study. Biotechnol Lett 35, 891–900 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-013-1163-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-013-1163-0

Keywords

Navigation