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Factors Associated with HIV Viral Load in a Respondent Driven Sample in Los Angeles

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Abstract

This study used a modified version of the Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations to examine the predisposing, enabling, and need factors associated with detectable viral load (VL). HIV status was measured using saliva and confirmed by blood. Of 797 persons enrolled, 193 were HIV positive and provided VL counts. A hierarchical multivariate logistic regression approach demonstrated that the predisposing factors of homelessness and recent substance abuse, particularly methamphetamine abuse, had a negative association with VL. The negative association of homelessness on VL was weakened with the introduction of enabling and need utilization factors. Mediation analysis indicated homelessness and HIV medication taking significantly associated with methamphetamine use as a predictor of detectable viral load. Guided policy to address substance abuse among those who are HIV positive is needed to improve biological outcomes.

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Acknowledgments

The research team would like to thank Dr. Ronald Andersen for his advice and expertise in the adaptation of the Andersen/Gelberg model and the following individuals for their assistance in the development of this manuscript: Mr. Gregory D. Victorianne; Ms Uyen Kao. This project was funded by National Institute of Drug Abuse U01DA17394 (Shoptaw, PI); Minority supplement (Shoptaw PI./King).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Family Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), 10880 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 540, Box 957087, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-7087, USA

    William D. King, Sherry Larkins, Christopher Hucks-Ortiz, Pin-Chieh Wang, Rose Veniegas & Steven Shoptaw

  2. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Pamina M. Gorbach

  3. Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Steven Shoptaw

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  1. William D. King
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  2. Sherry Larkins
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  3. Christopher Hucks-Ortiz
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  4. Pin-Chieh Wang
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  5. Pamina M. Gorbach
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  6. Rose Veniegas
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  7. Steven Shoptaw
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Correspondence to William D. King.

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King, W.D., Larkins, S., Hucks-Ortiz, C. et al. Factors Associated with HIV Viral Load in a Respondent Driven Sample in Los Angeles. AIDS Behav 13, 145–153 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-007-9337-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-007-9337-1

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