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Comparison of Alternaria spore levels between two areas within the same city (Salamanca, Middle West Spain)

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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to contribute to the knowledge about fungal spores in the atmosphere of the city of Salamanca (Middle West Spain), through the comparative study of Alternaria spore levels in two different sampling points within the same city. The study was done in terms of seasonal and hourly distribution and the possible influence of the main meteorological parameters on their atmospheric concentrations. The sampling was carried out from 17 February 2014 to 16 February 2016, both included, with two Hirst-type volumetric spore trap samplers, in two buildings in the city: one in a semi-urban environment, on the outskirts of the city, and the other in the city centre, 1.4 km apart. After the two years of sampling, the total annual values of Alternaria varied very little concerning the location of the samplers. The maximum values coincided in the two spore traps during 2014–2015 on the same day with similar amounts, whereas in 2015–2016 the difference was more noticeable both in date and amount. In the study of the seasonality of Alternaria's atmospheric distribution, there were no differences in the length of the main spore season nor the number of days with health risk levels (concentrations above 100 spores/m3). With regard to correlations, the analyses carried out between daily concentrations in both samplers obtained highly significant and positive results. The influence of meteorological parameters on spore levels, showed a positive effect of temperature and sunshine, as well as a negative one for humidity and rainfall.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Elena Hernández, Central Language Service, University of Salamanca, for the English translation and language supervision.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Spanish-Portuguese Agricultural Research Institute (CIALE), University of Salamanca, Río Duero 12, 37185 Villamayor, Salamanca, Spain

    S. Fuentes Antón, E. Sánchez Reyes, D. Rodríguez de la Cruz & J. Sánchez Sánchez

  2. Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, Licenciado Méndez Nieto s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain

    S. Fuentes Antón, D. Rodríguez de la Cruz & J. Sánchez Sánchez

  3. Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Alfonso X, El Sabio s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain

    A. García Sánchez & I. Dávila

  4. Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain

    A. García Sánchez & I. Dávila

  5. Immunoallergy Service, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain

    I. Dávila

  6. Catholic University of Ávila, Canteros s/n 05005, Ávila, Spain

    E. Sánchez Reyes

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Fuentes Antón, S., Reyes, E.S., de la Cruz, D.R. et al. Comparison of Alternaria spore levels between two areas within the same city (Salamanca, Middle West Spain). Aerobiologia 37, 809–824 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10453-021-09725-4

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