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Patterning Methods for Polymers in Cell and Tissue Engineering

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Abstract

Polymers provide a versatile platform for mimicking various aspects of physiological extracellular matrix properties such as chemical composition, rigidity, and topography for use in cell and tissue engineering applications. In this review, we provide a brief overview of patterning methods of various polymers with a particular focus on biocompatibility and processability. The materials highlighted here are widely used polymers including thermally curable polydimethyl siloxane, ultraviolet-curable polyurethane acrylate and polyethylene glycol, thermo-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and thermoplastic and conductive polymers. We also discuss how micro- and nanofabricated polymeric substrates of tunable elastic modulus can be used to engineer cell and tissue structure and function. Such synergistic effect of topography and rigidity of polymers may be able to contribute to constructing more physiologically relevant microenvironment.

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Abbreviations

ECM:

extracellular matrix

MSCs:

mesenchymal stem cells

hMSCs:

human mesenchymal stem cells

hESCs:

human embryonic stem cells

HPTFs:

human patellar tendon fibroblasts

PBS:

phosphate buffered saline

OPN:

osteopontin

OCN:

osteocalcin

PDMS:

polydimethyl siloxane

LDPE:

low-density polyethylene

FEP:

fluorinated ethylene propylene

PET:

polyethylene terephthalate

PC:

polycarbonate

PU:

polyurethane

PUA:

polyurethane acrylate

NOA:

Norland Optical Adhesive

PEG:

polyethylene glycol

PEG-DMA:

polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate

PEG-DA:

polyethylene glycol diacrylate

PGMEA:

propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate

pNIPAM:

poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)

LCST:

lower critical solution temperature

PMMA:

poly(methyl methacrylate)

PS:

polystyrene

PLGA:

poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)

PGA:

polyglycolic acid

PLA:

polylactide

PCL:

polycaprolactone

PANi:

polyaniline

PPy:

polypyrrole

PEDOT:

poly(3,4-ehtylenedioxythiophene)

PTS:

paratoluenesulfonate

HA:

hyaluronic acid

UV:

ultraviolet

NIL:

nanoimprint lithography

RM:

replica molding

SoMo:

soft molding

CFL:

capillary force lithography

BCL:

block copolymer lithography

NHLBI:

National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute

FDA:

Food and Drug Administration

MSDS:

Material Safety Data Sheets

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by National Research Foundation Grant funded by the Korean Government (NRF-2011-220-D00035), WCU (World Class University) program (R31-2008-000-10083-0) and Basic Science Research Program (2010-0027955). D. H. Kim thanks Department of Bioengineering at the University of Washington for the new faculty startup fund. D. H. Kim is also supported by a Perkins Coie Award for Discovery. A. Jiao was supported by NIH training Grant T32-EB001650-07.

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  1. School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Korea

    Hong Nam Kim, Do-Hyun Kang, Min Sung Kim & Kahp-Yang Suh

  2. Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA

    Alex Jiao & Deok-Ho Kim

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Associate Editor Michael Shuler oversaw the review of this article.

The first two authors contributed equally to this study.

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Kim, H.N., Kang, DH., Kim, M.S. et al. Patterning Methods for Polymers in Cell and Tissue Engineering. Ann Biomed Eng 40, 1339–1355 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-012-0510-y

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