Zusammenfassung
GRUNDLAGEN: Seit dem letzten Jahrzehnt kommen auf den Schlachtfeldern in aller Welt die Submunition enthaltenden Cluster Bombs (SB) zum Einsatz. Sie stellen somit eine neue Herausforderung für die Kriegschirurgie dar. METHODIK: 32 Patienten wurden entweder durch Antipersonen-Minen (AP) oder SB verletzt und in einem Feldspital behandelt. Das Verletzungsmuster wurde mittels der Klassifikation des internationalen Komitees vom Roten Kreuz und mittels Gustilos Klassifikation für offene Frakturen beschrieben. ERGEBNISSE: Man beobachtete insgesamt 95 Wunden; 72 wurden durch SB verursacht, 23 durch AP. Die Mortalitätsrate (MR) für die SB-Gruppe lag bei 6/24 (25,0%), für die AP-Gruppe bei 2/8 (25,0%). Drei SB-Patienten fielen sofort, was zu einer MR der an der Verwundung Verstorbenen von 3/24 (12,5%) bei der SB-Gruppe und einer Gesamt-MR von 5/32 (15,6%) führte. SCHLUSSFOLGERUNGEN: Es wurde eine Veränderung von verheerenden Unterschenkelverletzungen einer AP zu mehrfachen, den gesamten Körper betreffenden, Wunden einer SB beobachtet.
Summary
BACKGROUND: During the last decade cluster bombs containing submunition bomblets (SB) have appeared on battlefields resulting in a new challenge to war surgery. METHODS: Thirty-two patients either wounded by antipersonnel landmines (AP) or SB were treated in a field hospital. The patterns of injuries were described by applying the scoring system of the International Committee of the Red Cross and by Gustilo's classification of open fractures. RESULTS: A total of 95 wounds were observed; 72 caused by SB, 23 by AP. Mortality rate (MR) for the SB group was 6/24 (25.0%), for the AP group 2/8 (25.0%). Three SB patients (12.5%) were "killed in action", leading to a MR of victims "died of wounds" of 3/24 (12.5%) in the SB group and a total MR of 5/32 (15.6%). CONCLUSIONS: From devastating lower limb injuries of AP, a change to multiple wounds affecting the whole body caused by SB has been observed.
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Wolff, K., Prusa, A., Bulwas, S. et al. Cluster bomb vs. antipersonnel mine related injuries. An experience from the Kuwaiti-Iraqi border from June 1998 to November 2000. Eur Surg 39, 111–117 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10353-006-0297-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10353-006-0297-x