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Role of baffle shape on debris flow impact in step-pool channel: an SPH study

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Abstract

Drainage channels with step-pool system are widely used to control debris flow. The blocking of debris flow often gives rise to local damage at the steps and baffles. Hence, the estimation of impact force of debris flow is crucial for designing step-pool channel. Existing empirical models for impact pressure prediction cannot consider the influence of baffle shape. In this work, a three-dimensional smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) study on the impact behavior of debris flows in step-pool systems is presented, where debris material is modeled using the regularized Bingham model. The SPH method is first checked using the results from two laboratory tests. Then, it is used to investigate the influence of baffle shape and flow density. Numerical results show that the impact pressure at the first baffle highly depends on the baffle shape; however, the largest impact pressure usually occurs at subsequent baffles due to the violent impact induced by jet flows. The peak impact pressure at the first baffle initially grows with increasing flow density; however, it starts to drop as density is beyond a threshold. Based on the numerical results, an empirical relation considering the influence of baffle shape is proposed for better prediction of debris impact pressure.

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Funding

This work is financially supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant no. XDA23090403), the Sichuan Science and Technology Program, the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the CAS (grant no. 2017426), the State Scholarship Fund (201804910306) of China Scholarship Council, the CAS “Light of West China” Program. The work is also partially funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 51709230), H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions 693 RISE 2017 HERCULES (grant no. 778360), and FRAMED (grant no. 734485).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Process, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China

    Shuai Li, Xiaoqing Chen, Jiangang Chen & Gordon G. D. Zhou

  2. Institut für Geotechnik, Universität für Bodenkultur, Feistmantelstraße, Vienna, Austria

    Chong Peng, Wei Wu & Shun Wang

  3. ESS Engineering Software Steyr GmbH, Berggasse, Steyr, Austria

    Bhargav K. Chitneedi

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  1. Shuai Li
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Correspondence to Wei Wu.

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Li, S., Peng, C., Wu, W. et al. Role of baffle shape on debris flow impact in step-pool channel: an SPH study. Landslides 17, 2099–2111 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-020-01410-w

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