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Multiple modelling of water chemistry flows assessed in a mountain spruce catchment

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Abstract

The study was carried out over a period of 1999–2003 in the Dupniański Stream catchment located in Silesian Beskid Mts. Region (Southern Poland). Analysis of the chemical composition of bulk precipitation, throughfall, stemflow, surface flow, soil water (horizontal + vertical and vertical penetration) and outflow water samples was performed. The complex data matrix with more than 3,000 observations of water reaction, major anions (F−, Cl−, NO3 −, SO4 2−) and cations (NH4 +, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Mn2+ and Zn2+) were treated by regression modelling. The modelling approach took into account seasonal variability according to winter and growing season, as well as chronosequence of spruce stands. The retention of considerable levels of contaminants by the canopy, and their removal or washout from needles by rainfall caused changes in the concentration of anions and cations reaching the soil surface compared to the concentrations in bulk precipitation. In the youngest stand, most elements except NH4 +, SO4 2− and K+ were retained in the canopy, and even H+ ions were neutralized. In the older stands, most elements increased in net throughfall fluxes, and the acidity increased strongly. Soil water was slightly correlated with throughfall, while outflow water showed no correlations with the above ground water flows, and seemed to depend mostly of the bedrock.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported financially in the framework of the project: Optimization of chemometrical techniques of exploration and modeling results originating from environmental constituent’s pollution monitoring (1439/T02/2007/32).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental Chemistry Research Unit, Biology and Environmental Protection Institute, Pomeranian Academy, 22a Arciszewskiego Str., 76-200, Słupsk, Poland

    Aleksander Maria Astel

  2. Department of Forest Ecology, Forest Faculty, Agricultural University of Cracow, Al. 29 Listopada 46, 31-425, Cracow, Poland

    Stanisław Małek

Authors
  1. Aleksander Maria Astel
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  2. Stanisław Małek
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Correspondence to Aleksander Maria Astel.

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Communicated by R. Matyssek.

This publication originated from the conference on “Impacts of Air Pollution and Climate Change on Forest Ecosystems” with emphasis on “Air Pollution and Climate Change at Contrasting Altitude and Latitude”, held 7–12 September 2008 in Murten Switzerland organized by IUFRO and Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL).

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Astel, A.M., Małek, S. Multiple modelling of water chemistry flows assessed in a mountain spruce catchment. Eur J Forest Res 129, 463–473 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-009-0314-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-009-0314-2

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