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Optimizing Tissue Culture Protocol for In Vitro Shoot and Root Development and Acclimatization of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Plantlets

Optimierung der In-vitro-Spross- und Wurzelentwicklung und Akklimatisierung von Dattelpalmen (Phoenix dactylifera L.)

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Abstract

The current study aims to optimize in vitro elongation and rooting protocol and successful acclimatization of two elite date palm cultivars of Pakistan. The differentiated repeated embryos (RE) and non-repeated embryos (NRE) of date palm cvs. Aseel and Dhakki were harvested and transferred on germination medium containing different combinations of NAA + Kin (mg L−1), full strength MS nutrients and 30 g L−1 sucrose. The maximum somatic embryos germination and plantlet formation was achieved on the medium comprising 0.05 NAA + 1.0 Kin (mg L−1). Whereas improved elongation and rooting was obtained on the MS medium comprising 0.1 NAA + 0.1 BA (mg L−1). Addition of activated charcoal (3 g L−1) and trimming of roots (prior to proper rooting stage on rooting medium) were found vital to enhance leaf and root length, in addition helped secondary and tertiary root formation. The in vitro hardening was observed as helpful to bring gradual physiological changes from heterotrophic to autotrophic mode of plant nutrition. In vitro plantlets with 2–4 leaves (avg. 20 cm long) and healthy roots (avg. 8–12 cm long) were acclimatized in greenhouse on different soil mixtures. The best soil medium for acclimatization of plantlets was peat moss + river sand mixture at ratio of 3:1 (v/v) which resulted in 92% survival of plantlets in the greenhouse during first month of transferring. The current micropropagation protocol may support for commercial scale production of other elite date palm cultivars worldwide.

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Acknowledgements

The financial assistance was provided by Agricultural Linkages Programme (ALP), Pakistan Agricultural Research Council (PARC), Islamabad under project CS020 titled “Micropropagation of Superior National and International Varieties of Date Palm on Commercial Level”.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Date Palm Research Institute, Shah Abdul Latif University, 66020, Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan

    Najamuddin Solangi, Mushtaque Ahmed Jatoi, Ghulam Sarwar Markhand, Tahira Jatt, Ameer Ahmed Mirbahar & Abdul Aziz Mirani

  2. Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Cairo, Egypt

    Adel Ahmed Abul-Soad

  3. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan

    Muhammad Aslam Solangi

Authors
  1. Najamuddin Solangi
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  2. Mushtaque Ahmed Jatoi
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  3. Ghulam Sarwar Markhand
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  4. Adel Ahmed Abul-Soad
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  5. Muhammad Aslam Solangi
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  6. Tahira Jatt
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  7. Ameer Ahmed Mirbahar
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  8. Abdul Aziz Mirani
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Correspondence to Najamuddin Solangi.

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Conflict of interest

N. Solangi, M.A. Jatoi, G.S. Markhand, A.A. Abul-Soad, M.A. Solangi, T. Jatt, A.A. Mirbahar and A.A. Mirani declare that they have no competing interests.

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Solangi, N., Jatoi, M.A., Markhand, G.S. et al. Optimizing Tissue Culture Protocol for In Vitro Shoot and Root Development and Acclimatization of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Plantlets. Erwerbs-Obstbau 64, 97–106 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10341-021-00622-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10341-021-00622-1

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