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Olfactory attraction of Drosophila suzukii by symbiotic acetic acid bacteria

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Abstract

Some species of acetic acid bacteria (AAB) play relevant roles in the metabolism and physiology of Drosophila spp. and in some cases convey benefits to their hosts. The pest Drosophila suzukii harbors a set of AAB similar to those of other Drosophila species. Here, we investigate the potential to exploit the ability of AAB to produce volatile substances that attract female D. suzukii. Using a two-way olfactometer bioassay, we investigate the preference of D. suzukii for strains of AAB, and using solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography–mass spectrometry we specifically characterize their volatile profiles to identify attractive and non-attractive components produced by strains from the genera Acetobacter, Gluconobacter, and Komagataeibacter. Flies had a preference for one strain of Komagataeibacter and two strains of Gluconobacter. Analyses of the volatile profiles from the preferred Gluconobacter isolates found that acetic acid is distinctively emitted even after 2 days of bacterial growth, confirming the relevance of this volatile in the profile of this isolate for attracting flies. Analyses of the volatile profile from the preferred Komagataeibacter isolate showed that a different volatile in its profile could be responsible for attracting D. suzukii. Moreover, variation in the concentration of butyric acid derivatives found in some strains may influence the preference of D. suzukii. Our results indicate that Gluconobacter and Komagataeibacter strains isolated from D. suzukii have the potential to provide substances that could be exploited to develop sustainable mass-trapping-based control approaches.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Enrico Busato and Marco Pansa for insect rearing and technical support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari (DISAFA), Università degli Studi di Torino, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy

    Fabio Mazzetto, Elena Gonella, Marianna Pontini & Alberto Alma

  2. Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l’Ambiente (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy

    Elena Crotti, Violetta Vacchini & Daniele Daffonchio

  3. Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium

    Michail Syrpas & Sven Mangelinckx

  4. Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Daniele Daffonchio

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  1. Fabio Mazzetto
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  2. Elena Gonella
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  3. Elena Crotti
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  4. Violetta Vacchini
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  9. Alberto Alma
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Correspondence to Alberto Alma.

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Communicated by A. Biondi.

Special Issue: Spotted Wing Drosophila.

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Mazzetto, F., Gonella, E., Crotti, E. et al. Olfactory attraction of Drosophila suzukii by symbiotic acetic acid bacteria. J Pest Sci 89, 783–792 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-016-0754-7

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