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Comparative efficacy of NeemAzal and local botanicals derived from Azadirachta indica and Plectranthus glandulosus against Sitophilus zeamais on maize

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Abstract

The efficacy of NeemAzal powder, two local neem (Azadirachta indica ) products [neem seed powder (NSP) and neem seed oil (NSO)], as well as a local Lamiaceae, Plectranthus glandulosus leaf powder, applied at four different rates for the control of Sitophilus zeamais was determined. Mortality was recorded 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after S. zeamais infestation, followed by the determination of F1 progeny production. Grain damage, population increase and grain germination were assessed for treated grains that were stored for 4 months. Grains treated with P. glandulosus powder and NSP had relatively low mortality (5.0–22.5%) after 3 days whereas NeemAzal and NSO had higher mortality (55.0–98.8%). Maximum mortality of 99, 100, 96 and 74% were achieved for NeemAzal (12 g/kg after 14 days), NSO (4 ml/kg after 7 days), NSP (40 g/kg after 14 days) and P. glandulosus powder (40 g/kg, after 14 days), respectively. In the same order, 7-day LC50 values were 0.02 g/kg, 1.46 ml/kg, 12.44 g/kg and 28.9 g/kg. The three neem products greatly reduced progeny emergence, while P. glandulosus powder was less effective. NeemAzal protected the grains against S. zeamais damage better than the local neem products, which in turn provided far better grain protection against the weevil damage than P. glandulosus powder. NeemAzal was superior to the local neem products in grain protection against germination loss, with P. glandulosus being the least effective. NeemAzal and NSO had sufficient efficacy to be a component of an integrated management package for S. zeamais.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr. Hubertus Kleeberg of Trifolio-M GmbH, Germany for providing NeemAzal powder, and Dr. Frank Arthur of the United States Department of Agriculture, Manhattan, Kansas for substantive and constructive comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. Dr. Paul Fields of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Winnipeg made language corrections and scientific comments on the final draft of this manuscript, which we gratefully acknowledge.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, PO Box 454, Ngaoundere, Cameroon

    E. N. Nukenine & H. K. Tofel

  2. Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants—Julius Kühn-Institut, Institute for Ecological Chemistry, Plant Analysis and Stored Product Protection, Königin-Luise-Str. 19, 14195, Berlin, Germany

    C. Adler

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  1. E. N. Nukenine
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  2. H. K. Tofel
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  3. C. Adler
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Correspondence to E. N. Nukenine.

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Communicated by T. Haye.

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Nukenine, E.N., Tofel, H.K. & Adler, C. Comparative efficacy of NeemAzal and local botanicals derived from Azadirachta indica and Plectranthus glandulosus against Sitophilus zeamais on maize. J Pest Sci 84, 479–486 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-011-0371-4

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