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Recent Applications of Magnetic Solid-phase Extraction for Sample Preparation

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Abstract

This minireview is dedicated to the discussion of analytical methods based on magnetic solid-phase extraction for the investigation of different analyte classes in complex matrices. Magnetic solid-phase extraction represents one of the most exploited approaches for sample preparation, which benefits from the development of new materials and from the coupling with other purification and clean-up strategies. New materials are continuously described for the isolation and enrichment of a variety of compounds, from small molecules to biologic macromolecules. Such magnetic materials developed for magnetic solid-phase extraction are discussed in this minireview, spanning across different types of materials, from the more traditional magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with polymers, to molecularly imprinted polymers, but also graphene, carbon nanotubes, graphitized carbon black, metal organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, composite materials, biopolymers (polydopamine, chitosan), materials from wastes and natural products and the newly introduced knitting aromatic polymers. The magnetic solid-phase extraction methods are collected from the recent literature and organized in sections based on the target analyte classes, which include drugs, endocrine-disrupting compounds, pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, metals, toxins, peptides, proteins, metabolites and a final chapter dedicated to applications to other common pollutants, contaminants and multiresidue methods. A selection of recent applications and variations of the traditional magnetic solid-phase extraction protocols is discussed for food, environmental and biologic matrices. Finally, the compliance of magnetic solid-phase extraction with the principles of green analytical chemistry is also briefly discussed, with recent examples, indicating the use of waste or sustainable materials, development of green material preparations and reduction of organic solvents as the main strategies for future development of environmentally friendly magnetic solid-phase extraction methods.

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Abbreviations

ACN:

Acetonitrile

NTf2 :

Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide

CHG-AFS:

Chemical hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry

COFs:

Covalent organic frameworks

DLLME:

Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction

EtOH:

Ethanol

EGDMA:

Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate

IMAC:

Immobilized metal affinity chromatography

NPs:

Magnetic nanoparticles

MSPE:

Magnetic solid-phase extraction

MOFs:

Metal organic frameworks

MOAC:

Metal oxide affinity chromatography

MeOH:

Methanol

MWCNTs:

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes

PDA:

Polydopamine

PTh-DBSNa/Fe3O4 :

Polythiophene-sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate/Fe3O4

QuEChERS:

Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe

[VAFMIM]Cl:

1-Vinyl-3-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl) imidazolium chloride

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy

    Anna Laura Capriotti, Chiara Cavaliere, Giorgia La Barbera, Carmela Maria Montone, Susy Piovesana & Aldo Laganà

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  1. Anna Laura Capriotti
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  2. Chiara Cavaliere
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  3. Giorgia La Barbera
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  4. Carmela Maria Montone
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  5. Susy Piovesana
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  6. Aldo Laganà
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Correspondence to Susy Piovesana.

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Published in the topical collection Recent Trends in Solid-Phase Extraction for Environmental, Food and Biological Sample Preparation with guest editors Anna Laura Capriotti, Giorgia La Barbera and Susy Piovesana.

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Capriotti, A.L., Cavaliere, C., La Barbera, G. et al. Recent Applications of Magnetic Solid-phase Extraction for Sample Preparation. Chromatographia 82, 1251–1274 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10337-019-03721-0

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