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RNAi of esophageal gland-specific gene Mi-msp-1 alters early stage infection behaviour of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita

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Abstract

Root-knot nematodes are economically important plant pathogens that cause considerable damage to agricultural crops worldwide. They secrete a range of effector proteins from their specialized gland cells to modify host cell physiology to favour parasitism of the host tissue. A deeper understanding of the roles of effectors in nematode parasitism is necessary to unravel the mysteries of plant–nematode interactions. Herein, mRNAs of Mi-msp-1 (or Mi-vap-1), a gene encoding venom allergen-like effector protein, was localized to the subventral esophageal glands of Meloidogyne incognita. Mi-msp-1 was highly transcribed in the pre- and post-parasitic juveniles of M. incognita, suggesting the association of this effector gene during early stage infection behaviour of nematode. The targeted knockdown of Mi-msp-1 using in vitro RNAi rendered the nematode less successful in penetrating the tomato root. Silencing of Mi-msp-1 also interfered with the development and reproduction of M. incognita in adzuki bean. Intriguingly, induced suppression of Mi-msp-1 significantly altered the transcription of cell-wall-modifying enzymes (CWMEs, effectors involved in early parasitic process) and vice versa in M. incognita, indicating a possible interaction among msp-1 and CWMEs during the early stage of nematode–plant interaction. Our results showed that Mi-msp-1 could be a potential target/choke point for developing anti-nematode strategies.

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Acknowledgements

Ph.D. student SC acknowledges her co-advisor Dr. Vishakha Raina, School of Biotechnology, KIIT, Bhubaneswar, India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Nematology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India

    Sonam Chaudhary, Tushar K. Dutta, Tagginahalli N. Shivakumara & Uma Rao

  2. School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751024, India

    Sonam Chaudhary

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  1. Sonam Chaudhary
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  2. Tushar K. Dutta
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  3. Tagginahalli N. Shivakumara
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Correspondence to Uma Rao.

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Chaudhary, S., Dutta, T.K., Shivakumara, T.N. et al. RNAi of esophageal gland-specific gene Mi-msp-1 alters early stage infection behaviour of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita. J Gen Plant Pathol 85, 232–242 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10327-019-00837-x

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